2021
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126192
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The Role of Anthocyanins, Deoxyanthocyanins and Pyranoanthocyanins on the Modulation of Tyrosinase Activity: An In Vitro and In Silico Approach

Abstract: Tyrosinase is the central enzyme involved in the highly complex process of melanin formation, catalyzing the rate-limiting steps of this biosynthetic pathway. Due to such a preponderant role, it has become a major target in the treatment of undesired skin pigmentation conditions and also in the prevention of enzymatic food browning. Numerous phenolic-based structures from natural sources have been pointed out as potential tyrosinase inhibitors, including anthocyanins. The aim of the present study was to indivi… Show more

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Cited by 9 publications
(3 citation statements)
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References 52 publications
(76 reference statements)
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“…However, MM-PBSA calculations (Figure 7) indicate that there are ligand-copper interactions for 17, suggesting a competitive inhibition. Previous experimental studies with mushroom tyrosinase [50] indicate that 17 exhibit a competitive type of inhibition, thus supporting MM-PBSA results.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 78%
“…However, MM-PBSA calculations (Figure 7) indicate that there are ligand-copper interactions for 17, suggesting a competitive inhibition. Previous experimental studies with mushroom tyrosinase [50] indicate that 17 exhibit a competitive type of inhibition, thus supporting MM-PBSA results.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 78%
“…In consequence, kinetic studies revealed that cyanidin-3- O -glucoside acts as a competitive inhibitor for tyrosinase, with an inhibition constant of 40.31 ± 3.61 µM. In addition, molecular simulations demonstrated that the oxygen atom at ring A of cyanidin-3- O -glucoside can interact with the central Cu 2+ of the human tyrosinase enzyme with the lowest binding energy of −10.8 kcal/mol [ 37 ]. Although Lee et al reported that cyanidin-3- O -glucoside slightly reduced the activity of murine tyrosinase enzyme by comparison to arbutin as a positive control [ 38 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This effect was also recently explored using cyanidin- and malvidin-3- O -glucosides pure standards and also elderberry and red wine ACNs extracts [ 247 ]. Overall, most of the compounds were found to exhibit UV-filter capacity, attenuate the production of reactive oxygen species in human skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts and showed inhibitory activity of skin-degrading enzymes (Tyrosinase, elastase, hyaluronidase, and collagenase) in the absence of cytotoxic effects [ 247 , 248 ]. Considering the described features of these compounds, a formulation containing them would benefit from a dual function of photoprotection blended with an anti-aging effect.…”
Section: Potential Applicationsmentioning
confidence: 99%