The role of abnormalities in the corpus callosum in social cognition deficits after Traumatic Brain Injury

McDonald, Skye; Rushby, Jacqueline A.; Dalton, Katie I.; Allen, Samantha K.; Parks, Nicklas

doi:10.1080/17470919.2017.1356370

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The two forms are useful for counterbalancing in trials [e.g., Refs. (226, 227)] and the TASIT has been utilized in fMRI experiments (228, 229). Shorter versions are also sometimes used [e.g., Ref.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Do You Have in Mind? Measures to Assess Mental State Reasoning in Neuropsychiatric Populations

Eddy

2019

Front. Psychiatry

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Social interaction is closely associated with both functional capacity and well-being. Previous research has not only revealed evidence of social dysfunction in individuals with a wide range of psychiatric and neurological disorders but also generated an abundance of potential measures for assessing social cognition. This review explores the most popular measures used within neuropsychiatric populations to investigate the ability to recognize or reason about the mental states of others. Measures are also critically analyzed in terms of strengths and limitations to aid task selection in future clinical studies. The most frequently applied assessment tools use verbal, visual or audiovisual forms of presentation and assess recognition of mental states from facial features, self-rated empathy, the understanding of other’s cognitive mental states such as beliefs and intentions, or the ability to combine knowledge of other’s thoughts and emotions in order to understand subtle communications or socially inappropriate behavior. Key weaknesses of previous research include limited investigation of relationships with clinical symptoms, and underutilization of measures of everyday social functioning that offer a useful counterpart to traditional “lab” tasks. Future studies should aim to carefully select measures not only based on the range of skills to be assessed but also taking into account potential difficulties with interpretation and the need to gain insight into the application of social cognitive skills as well as ability per se . Some of the best measures include those with well-matched control trials (e.g., Yoni Task) or those that restrict the influence of verbal deficits (e.g., intentions comic strip task), elicit spontaneous mentalizing (e.g., Animations Task), and possess greater ecological validity (e.g., Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition). Social cognitive research within psychiatric populations will be further enhanced through the development of more closely matched control tasks, and the exploration of relationships between task performance, medication, strategy use, and broader emotional and motor functions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Do You Have in Mind? Measures to Assess Mental State Reasoning in Neuropsychiatric Populations

Eddy

2019

Front. Psychiatry

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“…The former is linked to the myelin volume fraction and may be used as a proxy for tissue myelin content (Laule et al, 2008; Li et al, 2015); the latter depends on the magnetic susceptibility difference and on the g-ratio, which is the ratio of the inner to outer diameter of myelinated axons (Wharton & Bowtell, 2012). Cognitive tests were selected in order to capture functioning across executive functions, working memory, social cognition and motor performance (Table 5), as these represent the earliest cognitive indicators of HD (Paulsen, 2011), and impaired performance in these domains has been associated with callosal microstructure changes (Kennedy & Raz, 2009; Lenzi et al, 2007; McDonald et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-compartment analysis of the complex gradient-echo signal quantifies myelin breakdown in premanifest Huntington’s disease

Casella

Kleban

Rosser

et al. 2021

Preprint

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White matter (WM) alterations have been identified as a relevant pathological feature of Huntington's disease (HD). Increasing evidence suggests that WM changes in this disorder are due to alterations in myelin-associated biological processes. Multi-compartmental analysis of the complex gradient-echo MRI signal evolution in WM has been shown to quantify myelin in vivo, therefore pointing to the potential of this technique for the study of WM myelin changes in health and disease. This study first characterized the reproducibility of metrics derived from the complex multi-echo gradient-recalled echo (mGRE) signal across the corpus callosum in healthy participants, finding highest reproducibility in the posterior callosal segment. Subsequently, the same analysis pipeline was applied in this callosal region in a sample of premanifest HD patients (n = 19) and age, sex and education matched healthy controls (n = 21). In particular, we focused on two myelin-associated derivatives: i. the myelin water signal fraction (fm), a parameter dependent on myelin content; and ii. the difference in frequency between myelin and intra-axonal water pools (Δω), a parameter dependent on the ratio between the inner and the outer axonal radii. fm was found to be lower in HD patients (β = -0.13, p = 0.03), while Δω did not show a group effect. Performance in tests of working memory, executive function, social cognition and movement was also assessed, and a greater age-related decline in executive function was detected in HD patients (β = -0.06, p = 0.006), replicating previous evidence of executive dysfunction in HD. Finally, the correlation between fm, executive function, and proximity to disease onset was explored in patients, and a positive correlation between executive function and fm was detected (r = 0.542; p = 0.02). This study emphasises the potential of complex mGRE signal analysis for aiding understanding of HD pathogenesis and progression. Moreover, expanding on evidence from pathology and animal studies, it provides novel in vivo evidence supporting myelin breakdown as an early feature of HD.

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“…As the nature of injury in individuals with TBI is diffuse and heterogeneous (10), the specific neurobiological substrates of social cognitive deficits in TBI are still being identified. While some have examined these deficits using task-based fMRI experiments (11), and structural studies (12–14), there is growing interest in using the brain's intrinsic functional connectivity to explain deficits in TBI (15, 16). For instance, resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) can be used to predict cognitive and behavioral outcomes for individuals with TBI who do not have detectable anomalies in brain structure (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Default Mode Network Connectivity Predicts Emotion Recognition and Social Integration After Traumatic Brain Injury

et al. 2019

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Moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) may result in difficulty with emotion recognition, which has negative implications for social functioning. As aspects of social cognition have been linked to resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in the default mode network (DMN), we sought to determine whether DMN connectivity strength predicts emotion recognition and level of social integration in TBI. To this end, we examined emotion recognition ability of 21 individuals with TBI and 27 healthy controls in relation to RSFC between DMN regions. Across all participants, decreased emotion recognition ability was related to increased connectivity between dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and temporal regions (temporal pole and parahippocampal gyrus). Furthermore, within the TBI group, connectivity between dmPFC and parahippocampal gyrus predicted level of social integration on the Community Integration Questionnaire, an important index of post-injury social functioning in TBI. This finding was not explained by emotion recognition ability, indicating that DMN connectivity predicts social functioning independent of emotion recognition. These results advance our understanding of the neural underpinnings of emotional and social processes in both healthy and injured brains, and suggest that RSFC may be an important marker of social outcomes in individuals with TBI.

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The role of abnormalities in the corpus callosum in social cognition deficits after Traumatic Brain Injury

Cited by 25 publications

References 56 publications

What Do You Have in Mind? Measures to Assess Mental State Reasoning in Neuropsychiatric Populations

What Do You Have in Mind? Measures to Assess Mental State Reasoning in Neuropsychiatric Populations

Multi-compartment analysis of the complex gradient-echo signal quantifies myelin breakdown in premanifest Huntington’s disease

Default Mode Network Connectivity Predicts Emotion Recognition and Social Integration After Traumatic Brain Injury

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