The road to Cybathlon 2016 - Functional electrical stimulation cycling Team IRPT/SPZ

Laubacher, Marco; Aksöz, Efe Anil; Bersch, Ines; Hunt, Kenneth J.

doi:10.4081/ejtm.2017.7086

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Future studies should investigate long-term training protocols and compare SDSS and SES in SCI participants with well-trained muscles. Laubacher et al [79] reported a single case which compared SDSS and SES in a well-trained person with SCI in the context of preparations for the FES bike race at Cybathlon 2016 in Zurich [80]. In this case, P m e a n L , R with SDSS was more than twice as high as P m e a n L , R with SES.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulation of paralysed quadriceps muscles with sequentially and spatially distributed electrodes during dynamic knee extension

Laubacher

Aksoez

Brust

et al. 2019

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

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BackgroundDuring functional electrical stimulation (FES) tasks with able-bodied (AB) participants, spatially distributed sequential stimulation (SDSS) has demonstrated substantial improvements in power output and fatigue properties compared to conventional single electrode stimulation (SES). The aim of this study was to compare the properties of SDSS and SES in participants with spinal cord injury (SCI) in a dynamic isokinetic knee extension task simulating knee movement during recumbent cycling.MethodUsing a case-series design, m. vastus lateralis and medialis of four participants with motor and sensory complete SCI (AIS A) were stimulated for 6 min on both legs with both electrode setups. With SES, target muscles were stimulated by a pair of electrodes. In SDSS, the distal electrodes were replaced by four small electrodes giving the same overall stimulation frequency and having the same total surface area. Torque was measured during knee extension by a dynamometer at an angular velocity of 110 deg/s. Mean power of the left and right sides (PmeanL,R) was calculated from all stimulated extensions for initial, final and all extensions. Fatigue is presented as an index value with respect to initial power from 1 to 0, whereby 1 means no fatigue.ResultsSDSS showed higher PmeanL,R values for all four participants for all extensions (increases of 132% in participant P1, 100% in P2, 36% in P3 and 18% in P4 compared to SES) and for the initial phase (increases of 84%, 59%, 66%, and 16%, respectively). Fatigue resistance was better with SDSS for P1, P2 and P4 but worse for P3 (0.47 vs 0.35, 0.63 vs 0.49, 0.90 vs 0.82 and 0.59 vs 0.77, respectively).ConclusionConsistently higher PmeanL,R was observed for all four participants for initial and overall contractions using SDSS. This supports findings from previous studies with AB participants. Fatigue properties were better in three of the four participants. The lower fatigue resistance with SDSS in one participant may be explained by a very low muscle activation level in this case. Further investigation in a larger cohort is warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulation of paralysed quadriceps muscles with sequentially and spatially distributed electrodes during dynamic knee extension

Laubacher

Aksoez

Brust

et al. 2019

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

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“… 6 To involve the lower limbs during exercise among those with SCI, researchers often use functional electrical stimulation (FES) as a therapeutic exercise tool. 7 FES is applied over the skin surface of the muscles of the affected limbs in order to artificially activate paralyzed muscles 8 and produce functional movement. 9 FES can enable those with SCI to perform different functional tasks such as grasping, 10 walking, 10 standing, 11 transferring, 7 cycling, 12 and rowing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of the Cybathlon championship to the literature on functional electrical stimulation cycling among individuals with spinal cord injury: A bibliometric review

Hamdan

Hamzaid

Razak

et al. 2022

Journal of Sport and Health Science

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“…One potential way to acutely improve electricallyinduced exercise is to reduce the overlap of activated fibers among stimulating electrodes. Current systems stimulate through multiple surface electrode pads [19][20][21][22] or implanted neural electrode contacts [23] at once and at high pulse amplitudes (PA) and/or pulse widths (PW) to engage as many muscle fibers as possible, particularly during knee extension phases of cycling. Though this can result in high initial power production, the large voltage fields produced by each electrode can overlap and limit performance as the exercise goes on.…”

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confidence: 99%

Selective neural stimulation methods improve cycling exercise performance after spinal cord injury: a case series

Gelenitis

Foglyano

Lombardo

et al. 2021

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

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Background Exercise after paralysis can help prevent secondary health complications, but achieving adequate exercise volumes and intensities is difficult with loss of motor control. Existing electrical stimulation-driven cycling systems involve the paralyzed musculature but result in rapid force decline and muscle fatigue, limiting their effectiveness. This study explores the effects of selective stimulation patterns delivered through multi-contact nerve cuff electrodes on functional exercise output, with the goal of increasing work performed and power maintained within each bout of exercise. Methods Three people with spinal cord injury and implanted stimulation systems performed cycling trials using conventional (S-Max), low overlap (S-Low), low duty cycle (C-Max), and/or combined low overlap and low duty cycle (C-Low) stimulation patterns. Outcome measures include total work (W), end power (Pend), power fluctuation indices (PFI), charge accumulation (Q), and efficiency (η). Mann–Whitney tests were used for statistical comparisons of W and Pend between a selective pattern and S-Max. Welch’s ANOVAs were used to evaluate differences in PFIs among all patterns tested within a participant (n ≥ 90 per stimulation condition). Results At least one selective pattern significantly (p < 0.05) increased W and Pend over S-Max in each participant. All selective patterns also reduced Q and increased η compared with S-Max for all participants. C-Max significantly (p < 0.01) increased PFI, indicating a decrease in ride smoothness with low duty cycle patterns. Conclusions Selective stimulation patterns can increase work performed and power sustained by paralyzed muscles prior to fatigue with increased stimulation efficiency. While still effective, low duty cycle patterns can cause inconsistent power outputs each pedal stroke, but this can be managed by utilizing optimized stimulation levels. Increasing work and sustained power each exercise session has the potential to ultimately improve the physiological benefits of stimulation-driven exercise.

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The road to Cybathlon 2016 - Functional electrical stimulation cycling Team IRPT/SPZ

Cited by 20 publications

References 15 publications

Stimulation of paralysed quadriceps muscles with sequentially and spatially distributed electrodes during dynamic knee extension

Stimulation of paralysed quadriceps muscles with sequentially and spatially distributed electrodes during dynamic knee extension

Contributions of the Cybathlon championship to the literature on functional electrical stimulation cycling among individuals with spinal cord injury: A bibliometric review

Selective neural stimulation methods improve cycling exercise performance after spinal cord injury: a case series

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