The risks of liver injury in COVID-19 patients and pharmacological management to reduce or prevent the damage induced

Vitiello, Antonio; Porta, Raffaele La; D’Aiuto, Vilma; Ferrara, Francesco

doi:10.1186/s43066-021-00082-y

Cited by 45 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This receptor is expressed in various tissues, including lungs, the heart, and the liver. ACE2 receptor in the liver is highly expressed in cholangiocytes (60%) and hepatocytes (3%), indicating that the liver could be a potential target for SARS-CoV-2 invasion ( 49 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incidence of DILI is low; however, it could lead to acute liver failure and urgent liver transplantation. In patients with acute liver failure, DILI is a differential diagnosis ( 49 ). To better diagnose DILI in suspected patients, the potential hepatotoxic effect of drugs and various influential factors including race, age, and sex should be considered ( 51 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drug-Induced Liver Injury in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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Introduction: The severity of COVID-19 may be correlated with the risk of liver injury development. An increasing number of studies indicate that degrees of hepatotoxicity has been associated with using some medications in the management of COVID-19 patients. However, limited studies had systematically investigated the evidence of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in COVID-19 patients. Thus, this study aimed to examine DILI in COVID-19 patients.Methods: A systematic search was carried out in PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, and Web of Science up to December 30, 2020. Search items included “SARS-CoV-2”, “Coronavirus,” COVID-19, and liver injury.Results: We included 22 related articles. Among included studies, there was five case report, five case series, four randomizes control trial (RCT), seven cohort studies, and one cross-sectional study. The drugs included in this systematic review were remdesivir, favipiravir, tocilizumab, hydroxychloroquine, and lopinavir/ritonavir. Among included studies, some studies revealed a direct role of drugs, while others couldn't certainly confirm that the liver injury was due to SARS-CoV-2 itself or administration of medications. However, a significant number of studies reported that liver injury could be attributable to drug administration.Discussion: Liver injury in COVID-19 patients could be caused by the virus itself or the administration of some types of drug. Intensive liver function monitoring should be considered for patients, especially patients who are treated with drugs such as remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, and tocilizumab.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug-Induced Liver Injury in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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“…It should be mentioned that patients with a past medical history of liver diseases are more susceptible to liver damage from SARS-CoV-2 ( Sun J. et al, 2020 ). However, more in-depth studies are required to demonstrate the causes of liver damage and to provide anti-COVID-19 treatments that particularly work on liver function ( Vitiello et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Cytokine Stormmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Pathology on Various Organs and Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell-Based Interventions

Arjmand

Alavi-Moghadam

Roudsari

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2, a novel betacoronavirus, has caused the global outbreak of a contagious infection named coronavirus disease-2019. Severely ill subjects have shown higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Cytokine storm is the term that can be used for a systemic inflammation leading to the production of inflammatory cytokines and activation of immune cells. In coronavirus disease-2019 infection, a cytokine storm contributes to the mortality rate of the disease and can lead to multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome through auto-destructive responses of systemic inflammation. Direct effects of the severe acute respiratory syndrome associated with infection as well as hyperinflammatory reactions are in association with disease complications. Besides acute respiratory distress syndrome, functional impairments of the cardiovascular system, central nervous system, kidneys, liver, and several others can be mentioned as the possible consequences. In addition to the current therapeutic approaches for coronavirus disease-2019, which are mostly supportive, stem cell-based therapies have shown the capacity for controlling the inflammation and attenuating the cytokine storm. Therefore, after a brief review of novel coronavirus characteristics, this review aims to explain the effects of coronavirus disease-2019 cytokine storm on different organs of the human body. The roles of stem cell-based therapies on attenuating cytokine release syndrome are also stated.

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“…lopinavir, darunavir) are potent inhibitors of CYP3A and P-gp, and their concomitant administration can cause a marked increase in statin exposure with potential toxic effects [81]. The patient with COVID-19 infection, is a complex patient, the benefit/risk ratio of the pharmacological agents used must be carefully monitored avoiding any adverse reactions that may complicate the scenario [82][83][84][85][86].…”

Section: Interactions Of Statins and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

The advantages of drug treatment with statins in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection

Ferrara¹,

Vitiello

2021

Wien Klin Wochenschr

Self Cite

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Summary On 11 March 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a status of global pandemic caused by the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19). The pandemic is currently underway, and to date has caused approximately 2.42 million deaths worldwide. The first vaccines have recently been licensed; however, research continues to identify therapeutic agents to prevent serious complications, such as anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anticoagulant or antiviral agents authorized for other therapeutic indications. Epidemiological evidence shows that advanced age and comorbidities, such as diabetes, heart disease, and dyslipidemia may represent COVID-19 risk factors. In particular, in patients with hypercholesterolemia treated with statins, it is recommended that treatment should not be discontinued if COVID-19 infection occurs. The pleiotropic effects of statins are well known. In this brief review, we propose that the use of statins can potentially protect against SARS-CoV-2-induced tissue damage and improve lung function in COVID-19 patients through several pleiotropic effects. Pleiotropic effects of statins that may be a significant benefit in patients with hypercholesterolemia treated with statins and COVID-19 positive. Recent evidence shows promising results.

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The risks of liver injury in COVID-19 patients and pharmacological management to reduce or prevent the damage induced

Cited by 45 publications

References 33 publications

Drug-Induced Liver Injury in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review

Drug-Induced Liver Injury in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review

COVID-19 Pathology on Various Organs and Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell-Based Interventions

The advantages of drug treatment with statins in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection

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