The Risk Factors Influencing between the Early and Late Recurrence in Systemic Recurrent Breast Cancer

Abstract

PurposePatients with recurrent breast cancer usually die of their disease, even after radical surgery and adjuvant therapies which could reduce the odds of dying. Many studies analyzed and compared patients who died of recurrent disease with those that died without recurrent disease. However, less attention has been paid to evaluating factors associated with the timing of recurrence. Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate the correlation between various factors and the timing of recurrence.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the data of 95 recurrent breast cancer patients who underwent curative surgery to determine the prognostic factors such as menopausal status, operation method, stage, nodal status, histologic grade, nuclear grade, extensive intraductal carcinoma component, hormone receptor, p53, c-erbB-2, Ki-67, and molecular subtype. We had attempted to compare the recurrent patients within 2 years after operation and adjuvant chemotherapies as the early recurrence with those over 2 years as the late recurrence.ResultsHistologic grade (p=0.005), nuclear grade (p<0.001), p53 (p=0.022), and Ki-67 (p<0.001) were significant different factors that influenced the systemic recurrence between early recurrence and late recurrence. In stage I/II, histologic grade (p=0.001), nuclear grade (p<0.001), and Ki-67 (p=0.005) were significant factors that influenced the systemic early recurrence. In stage III, nuclear grade (p=0.024), and Ki-67 (p=0.001) were significant factors that influenced the systemic early recurrence. But subtypes (p=0.189, p=0.132, p=0.593, p=0.083) are not associated with the timing of recur rence.ConclusionIn systemic recurrent breast cancer patients, the risk factors such as histologic grade, nuclear grade, p53 and Ki-67 are also associated with the timing of recurrence. We sug gest that these patients should be proper treated and be closely followed up.

MicroRNA-34a Inhibition of the TLR Signaling Pathway Via CXCL10 Suppresses Breast Cancer Cell Invasion and Migration

“…Patients with breast cancer usually die of cancer recurrence even after adjuvant therapies and radical surgery [24]. In this study, we explored the effect of miR-34a on the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells by targeting CXCL10 through the TLR signaling pathway.…”

Comparison of nuclear grade and immunohistochemical features in situ and invasive components of ductal carcinoma of breast

“…Our findings support the evidence that molecular changes implicated in the progression from in situ status to invasive one occur before morphological manifestation of invasiveness. Interestingly, among these classical parameters, nuclear grade is one of the most powerful prognostic and predictive factors and it is associated with distinct genetic changes [22][23][24][25] . According to some studies, it is possible that even molecular changes described in DCIS, although could be related to grade, are not determinant of invasion.…”

The differences of clinicopathological factors for breast cancer in respect to time of recurrence and effect on recurrence-free survival

“…ER was related with late tumor relapse in the univariate analysis, but it could not be proved by the multivariate analysis [7]. Song et al studied the factors influencing recurrence period in 95 patients with relapsed breast cancer, but they classified recurrence as early if it was diagnosed in 2 years and late if it was occured after 2 years from the definitive treatment [8]. Only stage and grade were related with the recurrence time.…”

“…It is known that positive hormone receptor which has been classified as luminal group has better survival than negative ones [8]. PR is associated with good prognosis and predicts the hormonotherapy response [16,17].…”

“…It is crucial to know the factors that predict late recurrence. Early recurrence patients have shorter survival compared to the late recurrence patients [8].…”