The Rise of the plebs in the Archaic Age of Rome

Troyanos, Pastores Y Nobles. Apuntes Sobre La Roma Primitiva

“…41 Por la Lex Aternia, del 454 a. C., del cónsul Aulo Aternio Varo, la multa más alta estaba fijada en treinta bueyes y dos ovejas cada día, Gell XI.1.2. Parise (1991), Gagé (1978), Manfredini (1976) Shatzman (1975), Yeo (1948), Momigliano (2005). A. Alfoldi (1965), Gage (1970).…”

The origin of the Racist Laws under fascism. Aproblem of historiography

“…The earliest account of the anti-Jewish persecution was written immediately after the Liberation by a former victim of persecution, Eucardio Momigliano, who stated that the persecution had been 'exclusively ordered by a foreign state': the aim of fascist racism was to 'persecute forty thousand Italians at the order of Adolf Hitler' (Momigliano 1945). Probably this interpretation was a reflection of the need to connect his contempt and indignation over antiSemitism to the delicate question of national identity and especially the feeling of having suffered betrayal by the monarchy (Sarfatti 2002: 49-50; see also Toscano 2003: 209-13).…”

lex Claudia de nave senatorum – possibilities of new interpretations

“…Grziwotz, 1985, passim;Kunkel, 1995, 612), or in the context of the propaganda exposure of the less significant arguments used in political struggles. Both of these broadly outlined directions should obviously not be questioned, but one should be aware of the limitations arising from excessively simple analogization of political and social relations in rome in the third century BC and in the first century BC, given that the majority of literary sources, available in a wide representation contributed to the existence of permanent change in the perception of the earlier history of Rome (see in details: Kienast, 1973, passim;develin, 1985, passim;momigliano, 1986). obviously, if roman legislation also served political purposes, there is no doubt that the lex claudia quoted by livy is a good example of that.…”