The Rift Valley fever epizootic in Egypt 1977–1978 1. Description of the epizootic and virological studies

Meegan, James M.

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(79)90004-x

Cited by 304 publications

(212 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…By asking existing infectious agents to do unlikely things one can focus on blocks to transmission between humans. Each infection with Lassa fever virus, Rift Valley Fever virus [13], Chlamydia psittaci, or Rickettsia prowazeki results from an encounter with an infected animal or arthropod. The disease in humans is sometimes severe, and with Lassa fever [14] (as with Ebola virus infection) there can be limited spread to hospital staff following contact with infected blood or tissue fluids.…”

Section: Possible Future Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The origin of major human infections and the crucial role of person-to-person spread

Mims

1991

Epidemiol. Infect.

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In discussions of the origin of new infectious diseases, prominence is usually given to dramatic infections acquired from animals (Lassa fever, Marburg and Ebola viruses) or from the environment (legionellosis). But these infections do not spread from human to human, and their impact on mankind can never be catastrophic. If a new infectious agent is to pose a major threat to the human species, it will need to kill tens or hundreds of millions of people over a short period of time (a few years), before vaccines and antimicrobial agents can be developed or effective blocks to transmission established. The 1918 influenza pandemic (total deaths about 20 million) almost came into this world-shaking category, but many of the deaths were presumably due to secondary bacterial pneumonia and this was the pre-antibiotic era. A similar airborne pandemic occurring today could spread globally within weeks by air transport and would have a greater impact. Smallpox arose long before the world became one from an infectious disease point of view, and although it caused devastating epidemics it did not have the opportunity to develop into the ‘major threat’ category. A significant proportion of people recovered, less virulent strains of virus (variola minor) appeared, and an effective vaccine not only kept it under control in many continents but finally eliminated it from the world. The plague (Yersinia pestis) influenced the course of history in Asia and Europe [1] but oven in its respiratory form could not in those days be transferred rapidly from continent to continent.

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Section: Possible Future Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The origin of major human infections and the crucial role of person-to-person spread

Mims

1991

Epidemiol. Infect.

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“…In the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) sera were serially diluted in fourfold steps from 1/10 and added to previously titrated Zagazig (ZH) 501 strain of RVFV (Meegan, 1979). The mixtures (containing 40-50 PFU) were incubated for 60 min at 37°C and then seeded into tissue culture plates containing 2-4 dayold confluent Vero cell monolayers.…”

Section: Serological Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rift Valley fever: a sero-epidemiological survey among pregnant women in Mozambique

et al. 1987

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SUMMARYRift Valley fever (RVF) causes abortion in sheep and cattle. However, the teratogenic and abortogenic potential of RVF in humans is not known. Sera from a total of 1163 pregnant women in Mozambique were tested for RVF virus antibodies by ELISA and 28 (2 %) were found to be positive. Mothers experiencing fetal death or miscarriage (155) had the same RVF virus antibody prevalence as those with normal deliveries. Analysis of maternity histories showed some indication of increased fetal wastage among women positive for RVF virus antibody.The ELISA used in this study was compared with a plaque reduction neutralization test and found to be equally sensitive and specific for the detection of RVF virus IgG antibodies.

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“…Since then, RVFPV has spread to many African countries [10,11], Saudi Arabia [7,12] and Yemen outside Africa [11]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High seroprevalence of Rift Valley fever phlebovirus in domestic ruminants and African Buffaloes in Mozambique shows need for intensified surveillance

Moiane

Mapaco

Thompson

et al. 2017

Infection Ecology & Epidemiology

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Introduction: Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an arthropod-borne disease that affects both animals and humans. RVF phlebovirus (RVFPV) is widespread in Africa and Arabian Peninsula. In Mozambique, outbreaks were reported in South; seroprevalence studies performed in livestock and water buffaloes were limited to central and south regions. We evaluated the seroprevalence of RVFPV among domestic ruminants and African buffaloes from 7 of 10 provinces of Mozambique, to understand the distribution of RVFPV and provide data for further RVF control programs. Materials and methods: A total of 1581 blood samples were collected in cattle, 1117 in goats, 85 in sheep and 69 in African buffaloes, between 2013 and 2014, and the obtained sera were analyzed by ELISA. Results and discussion: The overall seroprevalence of RVFPV domestic ruminants and African buffaloes was 25.6%. The highest was observed in cattle (37.3%) and African buffaloes (30.4%), which were higher than in previous studies within Mozambique. In south and central regions, the overall seroprevalences were higher (14.9%–62.4%) than in the north. Conclusion: This study showed the presence of anti-RVFPV antibodies in animals from all sampled provinces, suggesting that RVFPV is actively circulating among domestic ruminants and African buffaloes in Mozambique, therefore surveillance should be intensified.

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The Rift Valley fever epizootic in Egypt 1977–1978 1. Description of the epizootic and virological studies

Cited by 304 publications

References 7 publications

The origin of major human infections and the crucial role of person-to-person spread

The origin of major human infections and the crucial role of person-to-person spread

Rift Valley fever: a sero-epidemiological survey among pregnant women in Mozambique

High seroprevalence of Rift Valley fever phlebovirus in domestic ruminants and African Buffaloes in Mozambique shows need for intensified surveillance

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