Post-structuralist Discourse Theory is an approach to political analysis that reformulates Marxist theory so as to emphasize structural contingency and openness. Whereas classic Marxian sociology is rooted in economic processes that "structure" society and ideas, post-structuralist Discourse Theory emphasizes the absence of any determinative principle. Thus, it radicalizes an ongoing shift in Marxism away from economic essentialism towards indeterminacy. The ideological superstructure becomes ever more important at the expense of the economic base; class struggle and production relations lose analytical and strategic purchase in favor of a complex and integral form of politics; there are no deeper, natural foundations determining how society is organized and structured. Post-structuralist discourse-theorists argue that this orientation leads to a more satisfactory analysis and critique of political practice than is possible through positivist behaviorism or orthodox Marxism. Assessing that claim requires a survey of the hermetic terminology in which poststructuralist discourse-theorists often express their ideas-the discourse, as it were, of discourse-theorists-exploring their use of Marxist sociology, structuralist linguistics, psychoanalysis, populism research, and various currents of political theory.