The results of treatment of patients with an acute cholecystitis and perivesical complications

Abstract

Objective. To improve the quality of diagnosis and results of treatment in patients, suffering an acute cholecystitis, complicated by formation of perivesicular infiltrate, abscess and Mirizzi’s syndrome.
 Materials and methods. Results of diagnosis and surgical treatment of 694 patients, suffering an acute cholecystitis, ageing 38 - 87 yrs old, admitted to the clinic in 2010 - 2019 yrs, were analyzed. The examination have included general clinical investigation, biochemical investigations of the blood, ultrasonographic investigation of a gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary ducts, and in accordance to certain indications – computer tomography, papilloscopy and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography.
 Results. Of 694 patients, suffering an acute cholecystitis in 541 (78.0%) perivesical complications were revealed. In 215 (31.0%) patients perivesical infiltrate was formed, while in 76 (11.0%) – perivesical abscess. In 250 (36.0%) patients an acute cholecystitis have developed on background of obturation jaundice, caused by choledocholithiasis in 138 patients, while in 98 patients Mirizzi’s syndrome Type I was diagnosed, and in 14 - Mirizzi’s syndrome Type II. Of 215 patients with an acute cholecystitis and perivesical infiltrate in 84 laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed after course of antibacterial therapy, while in 131 patients – open cholecystectomy. In all 76 patients with perivesical abscess open cholecystectomy was performed. Of 138 patients, suffering obturation jaundice on background of choledocholithiasis in 82 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography with simultaneous lithoextraction and subsequent laparoscopic cholecystectomy was conducted. In 56 patients naso-biliary drainage was installed and was held in place till calculi from common biliary duct have gone away and subsequent laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed. Of 98 patients with an acute cholecystitis and confirmed Mirizzi’s syndrome Type I in 95 laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed, while in 3 – the open one. Of 14 patients, suffering Mirizzi’s syndrome Type II, in 10 open operation was done with sanation of biliary ducts and plasty of a common biliary duct defect, while in 4 – laparoscopic cholecystocholedocholithotomy with restoration of the bile physiological passage.
 Conclusion. In 78.0% patients with an acute cholecystitis perivesical complications were diagnosed. Of 531 patients with perivesical infiltrate, choledocholithiasis and Mirizzi’s syndrome in 321 (60.5%) laparoscopic operations on biliary ducts were accomplished. Open laparotomy was performed in 210 (39.5%) patients. In all the patients, suffering Mirizzi’s syndrome of both Types, physiologic passage of bile was preserved.