The Responses of Soil N2O Emissions to Residue Returning Systems: A Meta-Analysis

Hu, Naijuan; Chen, Qian; Zhou, Liqun

doi:10.3390/su11030748

Cited by 41 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…In our study, straw incorporation also has minor effects on N 2 O emissions, although it has been widely debated whether straw incorporation could increase or reduce N 2 O emissions (Hu et al, 2019;Xia et al, 2014;Schmatz et al, 2020;Surey et al, 2020;Xu et al, 2019). In a meta-analysis, Hu et al (2019) demonstrated that residue returned with plough tillage (as in our study) showed lower N 2 O emissions than reduced tillage/no tillage, and that the C/N ratio of straw residues was negatively correlated with N 2 O emissions (Chen et al, 2021), while straw incorporation with a C/N ratio between 40 and 80 showed minor changes in soil N 2 O emissions. However, even with straw-removed treatments, there was still a large amount of C inputs to the soil from leaf litter, stubble and roots.…”

Section: Effect Of Straw and Fertilizer Management On Post-harvest N ...mentioning

confidence: 61%

Climate Overrides Effects of Fertilizer and Straw Management as Controls of Nitrous Oxide Emissions After Oilseed Rape Harvest

Köbke

Böldt

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is an important bioenergy crop that contributes to the diversification of renewable energy supply and mitigation of fossil fuel CO2 emissions. Typical oilseed rape crop management includes the use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer and the incorporation of oilseed rape straw into soil after harvest. However, both management options risk increasing soil emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O). The aim of this 2-years field experiment was to identify the regulating factors of N cycling with emphasis on N2O emissions during the post-harvest period. As well as the N2O emission rates, soil ammonia (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−) contents, crop residue and seed yield were also measured. Treatments included variation of fertilizer (non-fertilized, 90 and 180 kg N ha−1) and residue management (straw remaining, straw removal). Measured N2O emission data showed large intra- and inter-annual variations ranging from 0.5 (No-fert + str) to 1.0 kg N2O-N ha−1 (Fert-180 + str) in 2013 and from 4.1 (Fert-90 + str) to 7.3 kg N2O-N ha−1 (No-fert + str) in 2014. Cumulative N2O emissions showed that straw incorporation led to no difference or slightly reduced N2O emissions compared with treatments with straw removal, while N fertilization has no effect on post-harvest N2O emissions. A process-based model, CoupModel, was used to explain the large annual variation of N2O after calibration with measured environmental data. Both modeled and measured data suggest that soil water-filled pore space and temperature were the key factors controlling post-harvest N2O emissions, even though the model seemed to show a higher N2O response to the N fertilizer levels than our measured data. We conclude that straw incorporation in oilseed rape cropping is environmentally beneficial for mitigating N2O losses. The revealed importance of climate in regulating the emissions implies the value of multi-year measurements. Future studies should focus on new management practices to mitigate detrimental effects caused by global warming, for example by using cover crops.

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Section: Effect Of Straw and Fertilizer Management On Post-harvest N ...mentioning

confidence: 61%

Climate Overrides Effects of Fertilizer and Straw Management as Controls of Nitrous Oxide Emissions After Oilseed Rape Harvest

Köbke

Böldt

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Conversely, other authors reported that the addition of CR has an inhibitory effect on N 2 O emission, depending on soil properties and C/N ratio of crop residues [ 140 , 141 ]. Additional soil characteristics influencing CR effects on N 2 O emission are soil pH, texture, water content and residue C and N input to soil [ 142 , 143 , 144 ]. Soil pH affects CR decomposition, and C and N availability for NF, as well as DNF [ 145 ].…”

Section: Management Options To Mitigate N 2 O Emis...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Management Strategies to Mitigate N2O Emissions in Agriculture

Hassan

Aamer

Mahmood

et al. 2022

Life

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The concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere has been increasing since the beginning of the industrial revolution. Nitrous oxide (N2O) is one of the mightiest GHGs, and agriculture is one of the main sources of N2O emissions. In this paper, we reviewed the mechanisms triggering N2O emissions and the role of agricultural practices in their mitigation. The amount of N2O produced from the soil through the combined processes of nitrification and denitrification is profoundly influenced by temperature, moisture, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen contents. These factors can be manipulated to a significant extent through field management practices, influencing N2O emission. The relationships between N2O occurrence and factors regulating it are an important premise for devising mitigation strategies. Here, we evaluated various options in the literature and found that N2O emissions can be effectively reduced by intervening on time and through the method of N supply (30–40%, with peaks up to 80%), tillage and irrigation practices (both in non-univocal way), use of amendments, such as biochar and lime (up to 80%), use of slow-release fertilizers and/or nitrification inhibitors (up to 50%), plant treatment with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (up to 75%), appropriate crop rotations and schemes (up to 50%), and integrated nutrient management (in a non-univocal way). In conclusion, acting on N supply (fertilizer type, dose, time, method, etc.) is the most straightforward way to achieve significant N2O reductions without compromising crop yields. However, tuning the rest of crop management (tillage, irrigation, rotation, etc.) to principles of good agricultural practices is also advisable, as it can fetch significant N2O abatement vs. the risk of unexpected rise, which can be incurred by unwary management.

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“…When these crop residues are returned to soil, soil microbial activity is increased, the residues undergo rapid mineralization, and the potential for N 2 O production and emission is increased (Vigil and Kissel 1991). Contrary to low C:N of crop residue, when returning residue with high C:N (such as tomato with C:N up to 45), N immobilization will occur resulting in a reduction in N 2 O production and emission potential from soil (Hu et al 2019). In perennial fruit trees, C:N of senescent leaves (dependent on age of tree) is greater than vegetable crop residues.…”

Section: Crop Residues For Nitrification and Denitrificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities to reduce nitrous oxide emissions from horticultural production systems in Canada

et al. 2021

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Horticultural systems, specifically vegetable production systems, are considered intensive agricultural systems as they are characterized by high nitrogen (N) fertilizer application rate, frequent tillage and irrigation operations. Accordingly, horticultural production in temperate climates is prone to N losses—mainly during post-harvest (during fall and winter) or pre-plant (spring) periods—such as N2O emissions and nitrate leaching. The risk for N losses is linked to low crop N use efficiency (NUE) combined with a narrow C:N and high N content of crop residues. Here we reviewed the studies conducted in Canada and similar climates to better understand the risk of N2O emission and potential agronomic management strategies to reduce N2O emissions from horticultural systems. Current knowledge on N2O emissions from horticultural systems indicate that increasing crop NUE, modifying the amount, type, time, and rate of N fertilizer inputs, and adopting cover crops in crop rotations are some of the effective approaches to decrease N2O emissions. However, there is uncertainty related to the efficiency of the existing N2O mitigation strategies due to the complex interactions between the factors (soil characteristics, type of plant species, climatic conditions, and soil microbial activity) responsible for N2O production from soil. Little research on N2O emissions from Canadian horticultural systems limits our ability to understand and manage the soil N2O production processes to mitigate the risk of N2O emissions. Thus, continuing to expand this line of research will help to advance the sustainability of Canadian horticultural cropping systems.

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The Responses of Soil N2O Emissions to Residue Returning Systems: A Meta-Analysis

Cited by 41 publications

References 91 publications

Climate Overrides Effects of Fertilizer and Straw Management as Controls of Nitrous Oxide Emissions After Oilseed Rape Harvest

Climate Overrides Effects of Fertilizer and Straw Management as Controls of Nitrous Oxide Emissions After Oilseed Rape Harvest

Management Strategies to Mitigate N2O Emissions in Agriculture

Opportunities to reduce nitrous oxide emissions from horticultural production systems in Canada

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