The Respiratory Risks of Ambient/Outdoor Air Pollution

Adamkiewicz, Gary; Liddie, Jahred; Gaffin, Jonathan M.

doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2020.08.013

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…Despite these limitations, the strength of our study is that the effects of long-term exposure of PM 10 , NO 2 , SO 2 , CO, and O 3 were reported in the newly developed cataract in the representative subjects. Further study is needed to identify the health effects of other important environmental pollutants that are not well-known, such as asbestos [ 34 , 35 ] and the impact of exposure to air pollutants over the decades, without age restrictions on the subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Age-Related Cataract: A Nationwide Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study

Shin

Lee

Kim

2020

IJERPH

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This study aimed to investigate the association between ambient air pollutants and cataracts in the general population aged 50 years or older using data from the Korean National Insurance Service—National Sample Cohort. Cataract patients were defined as those diagnosed by a physician and having undergone cataract surgery. After matching the average concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, CO, SO2, and O3 in residential areas, the association between quartile level of air pollutants and incidence of cataract was analyzed using a multivariate Cox-proportional hazard risk model. Among the 115,728 participants, 16,814 (14.5%) were newly diagnosed with cataract and underwent related surgery between 1 January 2004, and 31 December 2015. Exposure to PM10, NO2, and SO2 was positively associated with cataract incidence, while O3 was negatively associated. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval was 1.069 (1.025–1.115) in PM10 and 1.080 (1.030–1.133) in NO2. However, the association between cataract and the quartile of PM2.5 measured during one year in 2015 was not clear. The HR of female participants aged 65 or older was significantly increased according to quartile of air pollutants. We identified exposure to PM10, NO2, SO2, and O3 associated with cataract development in Korean adults aged ≥ 50 years. This information may be helpful for policymaking to control air pollution as a risk factor for eye health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Age-Related Cataract: A Nationwide Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study

Shin

Lee

Kim

2020

IJERPH

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“…Figure 5 presents changes in CO concentrations. At all stations the decrease in CO concentration was noticed, however, at the Krakow-Krasinskiego station the fall was particularly distinct -the slope value reached -0.063 mg/m 3 Table 6 contains the equations of the trend lines for 4 individual stations and the measurement periods. Figure 6 shows changes in PM10 concentrations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Air pollution is considered as one of the main factors affecting the health of the population. It can cause negative changes in the respiratory and circulatory systems, even when concentrations do not exceed permissible levels [1][2][3][4]. According to World Health Organization estimates, about 7 million people died in 2012 due to insufficient air quality, which indicates a significant threat caused by air pollution [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Trends in Concentrations of Basic Air Pollutants in the Malopolska Province

Filak

Hoffman

2020

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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The purpose of the paper was to analyse the trends observed at air monitoring stations in the Malopolska Province - one of the most polluted regions in Poland. The study was carried out on the basis of long-term measurement data registered at five selected stations of automatic monitoring of air quality in the Malopolska Province. Trends evaluation was made on the basis of mean annual concentrations, taken from the database of the Chief Inspectorate for Environmental Protection in Poland. Separately for each basic air pollutant, such as SO2, NO2, NOx, CO, PM10 and O3, trend lines and their linear equations were determined to illustrate the direction of changes in concentrations. The obtained equations of the trend lines indicate the threat to the environment in the Malopolska Province. Based on the results obtained it can be concluded that for recent years there has been observed the concentration decrease of main air pollutants, except of tropospheric ozone.

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“…However, the greatest pollution-related deleterious impacts may occur later in life, since reduced lung function is a strong risk factor for complications and early death during adulthood [38]. Besides its reported impact on COPD and asthma [39,40], air pollution has also been shown to promote respiratory viral infections, recently reviewed here [41]. Notably, in a large observational case-crossover study, short-term increases in PM 2.5 were associated with elevated odds of being diagnosed with RSV in young children or influenza in children of all ages [42].…”

Section: Air Pollution Mortality Health Disparities and Chronic DImentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Determinants of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Brandt

Mersha

2021

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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Purpose for Review Since the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in China in late 2019 turned into a global pandemic, numerous studies have reported associations between environmental factors, such as weather conditions and a range of air pollutants (particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, etc.) and the first wave of COVID-19 cases. This review aims to offer a critical assessment of the role of environmental exposure risk factors on SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 disease severity. Recent Findings In this review, we provide a critical assessment of COVID-19 risk factors, identify gaps in our knowledge (e.g., indoor air pollution), and discuss methodological challenges of association and causation and the impact lockdowns had on air quality. In addition, we will draw attention to ethnic and socioeconomic factors driving viral transmission related to COVID-19. The complex role angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) plays in COVID-19 and future promising avenues of research are discussed. Summary To demonstrate causality, we stress the need for future epidemiologic studies integrating personal air pollution exposures, detailed clinical COVID-19 data, and a range of socioeconomic factors, as well as in vitro and in vivo mechanistic studies.

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The Respiratory Risks of Ambient/Outdoor Air Pollution

Cited by 32 publications

References 119 publications

Association between Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Age-Related Cataract: A Nationwide Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study

Association between Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Age-Related Cataract: A Nationwide Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study

Study of Trends in Concentrations of Basic Air Pollutants in the Malopolska Province

Environmental Determinants of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

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