The Resistance and Correlation Analysis to Three Species of Cereal Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on 10 Wheat Varieties or Lines

Abstract

Winter wheat resistance is an efficient and environmentally friendly means to controlling aphids. By using principal component analysis and correlation analysis, we evaluated the resistance of 10 winter wheat varieties or lines from three countries to the following three aphid species: Sitobion avenae, Rhopalosiphum padi, and Schizaphis graminum. The data show that Batis was susceptible to Si. avenae and R. padi, but had adverse effect on the development of Sc. graminum; Astron was advantageous to WG and r(m) of Si. avenae and R. padi, but not to Sc. graminum; Amigo was resistant to Sc. graminum and R. padi, but susceptible to Si. avenae; 98-10-35 was resistant to Si. avenae and R. padi, but not to Sc. graminum; 98-10-30 was adverse to growth and fecundity of Si. avenae, but better for Sc. graminum and R. padi; Xiaoyan22 was susceptible to Sc. graminum, but not to R. padi; Ww2730 were resistant to Si. avenae, but susceptible to Sc. graminum; 186tm was susceptible to R. padi, but caused high mortality for Si. avenae and Sc. graminum. Correlation analysis suggests the wheat varieties or lines that were resistant to Si. avenae were always resistant to R. padi, but susceptible to Sc. graminum. However, the overall similarities in resistance classifications were not because of the same phenotypic characters of the wheat varieties or lines. We conclude that the wheat varieties or lines had specific different resistances to the three aphid species, and the resistant traits (antibiosis) can be defined at two or more hierarchical levels. There was even a stronger "trade-off" for the comparison of Si. avenae versus Sc. graminum and R. padi versus Sc. graminum.

Effects of maternal diet on offspring fitness in the bird cherry‐oat aphid

“…Aphids were acclimatised on stock wheat seedlings (cv. Costez) in a 50 × 50 cm cage in a 3 × 5 m plant growth chamber at 20 ± 0.5 ∘ C (day) and 18 ± 0.5 ∘ C (night), with a photoperiod LD 16:8 h and RH 70 ± 10% (Hu et al, 2007a(Hu et al, , 2007b(Hu et al, , 2013. Illumination was from four Sun System New Wave 48-T5 high-output fluorescent fittings, which each held eight high-output fluorescent tubes.…”

“…Six biological parameters were measured for each aphid offspring (Table 2) (Wyatt & White, 1977;Thieme & Heimbach, 1996;Hu et al, 2007bHu et al, , 2013. The results from the alatae and apterae were considered separately.…”

“…Resistance in summer hosts decreases the growth rate of an aphid population by increasing mortality, extending the DT of the nymphs, and decreasing their weight and the production of offspring (Dixon, 1987;Smith et al, 2004;Hesler & Tharp, 2005;Hu et al, 2007bHu et al, , 2013.…”

“…R. padi have been shown to have a shorter nymphal DT and greater weight gain (WG), mean relative growth rate (MRGR), F, and r m on the wheat variety Batis than on Xiaoyan22 and Ww2730 (Hu et al, 2007b(Hu et al, , 2013. Nine offspring diet treatments were created by the reciprocal transfer of aphids from each of the three populations (representing maternal diets) to each of the three wheat varieties (representing offspring diets).…”

Tripartite Interactions of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus, Sitobion avenae and Wheat Varieties

“…From a practical perspective, a change in the status of virus and its vectors is expected to affect the yield of the host crop. Plants can have various levels of resistance to an insect vector, which can increase pest mortality, extend the development time of nymphs, and decrease offspring production [14]. Unfortunately, at present we do not know how such resistance characters in plants that influence the population dynamics of viruses, insect vectors and the overall tripartite interactions in the field.…”