Tripartite Interactions of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus, Sitobion avenae and Wheat Varieties

Abstract

The tripartite interactions in a pathosystem involving wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), the Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), and the BYDV vector aphid Sitobion avenae were studied under field conditions to determine the impact of these interactions on aphid populations, virus pathology and grain yield. Wheat varietal resistance to BYDV and aphids varied among the three wheat varieties studied over two consecutive years. The results demonstrated that (1) aphid peak number (APN) in the aphid + BYDV (viruliferous aphid) treatment was greater and occurred earlier than that in the non-viruliferous aphid treatment. The APN and the area under the curve of population dynamics (AUC) on a S. avenae-resistant variety 98-10-30 was significantly lower than on two aphid-susceptible varieties Tam200(13)G and Xiaoyan6. (2) The production of alatae (PA) was greater on the variety 98-10-30 than on the other varieties, and PA was greater in the aphid + BYDV treatment on 98-10-30 than in the non-viruliferous aphid treatment, but this trend was reversed on Tam200(13)G and Xiaoyan6. (3) The BYDV disease incidence (DIC) on the variety 98-10-30 was greater than that on the other two varieties in 2012, and the disease index (DID) on Tam200(13)G was lower than on the other varieties in the aphid + BYDV and BYDV treatments in 2012, but not in 2011 when aphid vector numbers were generally lower. (4) Yield loss in the aphid + BYDV treatment tended to be greater than that in the aphid or BYDV alone treatments across varieties and years. We suggested that aphid population development and BYDV transmission tend to promote each other under field conditions. The aphids + BYDV treatment caused greater yield reductions than non-viruliferous aphids or virus treatment. Wheat varietal resistance in 98-10-30 affects the aphid dispersal, virus transmission and wheat yield loss though inhibits aphid populations from increasing.

A screening method to detect BYDV‐PAV resistance in cereals under glasshouse conditions

“…Reduced kernel weight, kernels per square metre, kernels per spike, spikes per square metre and test weight are reported to be the major contributors to yield loss due to BYDV infection (Liu et al ., ). In the present study, BYDV‐PAV infection had a clear effect on TKW compared to controls.…”

Resistance of Wheat Accessions to the English Grain Aphid Sitobion avenae

“…The sum of the MAN and ACC at the 5 points in each repeat block was used as a single sample. The index of aphid susceptibility (IAS) was counted as: IAS = the number of aphids at each point/ the average number of aphids at all points combined [ 2 ] …”

“…Cereal aphids cause serious wheat crop yield losses by reducing the number of grains and grain weight of wheat spikes. In addition, they are vectors of the barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), with the joint occurrence of the virus and aphids further increasing yield losses [ 1 – 2 ]. In China, about 23.4 million hectares of agricultural land is planted with wheat, of which 10–15 million hectares is infested with cereal aphids, resulting in 10% yield losses annually (Chinese National Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center [NATESC] database, http://www.natesc.moa.gov.cn/ ).…”

Efficacy of Biorational Compounds against Mustard Aphid (Lipaphis erysimi Kalt.) and English Grain Aphid (Sitobion avenae Fab.) under Laboratory Conditions in Nepal

“…Upon heavy infestation, a reduced number of well-developed grains are formed, which reduces yield [20]. e aphids also transmit destructive viruses such as barley yellow dwarf virus [21]. Yield loss due to aphid infestation may reach 30-60% [22].…”