The Research Background of the Telstar Experiment

Crawford, A. B.; Cutler, C. C.; Kompfner, R.; Tillotson, L. C.

doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1963.tb04017.x

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Active satellite plans and requirements comprising first principles and system parameters of the orbital relay, ground station, and launch vehicle transitioned from the mantra of research and solving interesting problems to developing a working experimental system focused on components to a world-wide communications system in the shortest amount of time-less than two years. (Crawford et al 1963).…”

Section: Bell Labs Historical Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Systems Engineering Management in Research and Development Valley of Death

DiMario,

Hodges

2023

INSIGHT

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A failure of a great many early research and development programs is the result of encountering the traditional valley of death that shadows early research and technology development. The elements that create the valley of death leads to research and technology development high risk and poor return on investment for a great many research and development organizations. This leads eventually to avoiding research and technology development all together because the organizations cannot viably manage the outcome of their early‐stage research and development (ESR&D) efforts. Unfortunately, there are few established frameworks and processes for enabling smooth transitions to avoid failure and manage risk across fundamental research, applied research, development, and productization. Many leaders, program managers, and scientists are unwilling to involve systems engineering because of the perception that systems engineering is heavily process oriented, adds unnecessary costs, and should be applied only to mature technologies. The value of systems engineering as applied to ESR&D is unclear to these key individuals. The unfortunate result is that systems engineering is not applied to ESR&D. This article discusses the potential of application of systems engineering to ESR&D to improve return on investment and decrease risk.

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Section: Bell Labs Historical Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Systems Engineering Management in Research and Development Valley of Death

DiMario,

Hodges

2023

INSIGHT

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“…Thereafter, to demonstrate the reliability of the active satellite, and to keep their advantage in long distance communications, AT&T and Bell Labs approved the Telstar project initiated by Pierce, Kompfner, and some or their colleagues at Bell [Crawford 1963]. Like Clarke's idea, an active relay would amplify signals before sending them back to Earth.…”

Section: First Communication Satellitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The traveling-wave tube in the history of telecommunication

Minenna

André

Elskens

et al. 2019

EPJ H

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equipe turbulence plasma, case 322 campus Saint Jérôme, av. esc. Normandie-Niemen,The traveling-wave tube is a critical subsystem for satellite data transmission. Its role in the history of wireless communications and in the space conquest is significant, but largely ignored, even though the device remains widely used nowadays. This paper present, albeit non-exhaustively, circumstances and contexts that led to its invention, and its part in the worldwide (in particular in Europe) expansion of TV broadcasting via microwave radiorelays and satellites. We also discuss its actual contribution to space applications and its conception. The originality of this paper comes from the wide period covered (from first slow-wave structures in 1889 to present space projects) and from connection points made between this device and commercial exploitations. The appendix deals with an intuitive pedagogical description of the wave-particle interaction. PACS numbers: 01.65.+g (History of science), 84.40.Fe (Microwave tubes), 52.40.Mj (Particle beam interaction in plasmas)

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The Research Background of the Telstar Experiment

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Systems Engineering Management in Research and Development Valley of Death

Systems Engineering Management in Research and Development Valley of Death

The traveling-wave tube in the history of telecommunication

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