The reproductive tract microbiota in pregnancy

Grewal, K.; MacIntyre, David A.; Bennett, Phillip R.

doi:10.1042/bsr20203908

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 133 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…The unique microbial community in the female lower genital tract is commonly known as the vaginal microbiota. It exhibits significant geographical differences in composition and richness, serves an important role in reproductive cyclicity, provides significant benefits to the prevention of preterm delivery and infections, and also improves the efficacy of treatments for vaginal tumors [ 13 ]. In bacterial vaginosis (BV), the characteristics of vaginal microbiota are highly complex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Throughput Sequencing-Based Analysis of Changes in the Vaginal Microbiome during the Disease Course of Patients with Bacterial Vaginosis: A Case–Control Study

Gao

Peng

Jiang

et al. 2022

Biology

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Background: The vaginal microbiome is closely associated with the onset and recurrence of bacterial vaginosis (BV). In the present study, the state of vaginal microbiota during the onset and post-treatment asymptomatic stages of BV were compared to that of a healthy population to evaluate the changes in different characteristic bacteria during the onset, progression, and remission of BV. Methods: A case–control study was performed to explore these changes. Women with clinical symptoms of BV were divided into the disease group (M) and case–control group (C) based on the Nugent score. Subjects in the disease group whose symptoms were resolved after the treatment were assigned to the treated group (T) and healthy subjects were recruited into the normal control (N) group. The V3–V4 hypervariable regions of bacterial 16S rRNA genes were sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform. Results: The N harbored the highest number of detected species and a higher abundance of microbiota; they had a significantly higher abundance of Lactobacillus and different bacterial community composition compared to the other three groups. In group M, Gardnerella vaginalis was the dominant species, whereas Lactobacillus iners was predominant in the other three groups. While Lactobacillus was more commonly present in Group C compared to group M. it was significantly increased in group T. Alpha diversity analysis of bacterial communities revealed significant differences in community richness and diversity among all four groups (p < 0.05). Significant differences in the distribution of various bacterial communities among the different groups were also observed (p < 0.05). Specifically, the abundance of eight bacterial taxa (Megasphaera, Aerococcus christensenii, Clostridiales, Gardnerella, Peptostreptococcus, Veillonellaceae, Akkermansia, Coriobacteriales) differed significantly among the four groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Significant differences in the composition and alpha diversity of the vaginal microbiota at different stages of BV and the distribution of bacterial communities were observed among the investigated groups. In addition to Gardnerella, Sneathia sanguinegens and Prevotella timonensis play an important role in the pathogenesis of BV. The appearance of BV-like clinical symptoms was closely associated with the decrease in Prevotella and Atopobium vaginae populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Throughput Sequencing-Based Analysis of Changes in the Vaginal Microbiome during the Disease Course of Patients with Bacterial Vaginosis: A Case–Control Study

Gao

Peng

Jiang

et al. 2022

Biology

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“…The last decade has led to a vast increase in our understanding of which microbial communities are associated with protection against preterm birth, and which are associated with increased risk. Consistently, it has been shown that vaginal microbial communities dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus are associated with a lower risk of preterm birth, whereas a dominance of Lactobacillus iners, and bacterial vaginosis (BV) associated taxa such as Gardnerella , Ureaplasma , Prevotella and Mycoplasma is associated with a higher risk [ 96 , 97 ].…”

Section: The Role Of Neutrophils In Preterm Labourmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Neutrophils in Pregnancy, Term and Preterm Labour

Gimeno-Molina

Müller

Kropf

et al. 2022

Life

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Neutrophils are surveillance cells, and the first to react and migrate to sites of inflammation and infection following a chemotactic gradient. Neutrophils play a key role in both sterile inflammation and infection, performing a wide variety of effector functions such as degranulation, phagocytosis, ROS production and release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Healthy term labour requires a sterile pro-inflammatory process, whereas one of the most common causes of spontaneous preterm birth is microbial driven. Peripheral neutrophilia has long been described during pregnancy, and evidence exists demonstrating neutrophils infiltrating the cervix, uterus and foetal membranes during both term and preterm deliveries. Their presence supports a role in tissue remodelling via their effector functions. In this review, we describe the effector functions of neutrophils. We summarise the evidence to support their role in healthy pregnancy and labour and describe their potential contribution to microbial driven preterm birth.

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“…Recently, the number of studies investigating the composition of the vaginal ecosystem and their impact on female reproductive health is increasing [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Next-generation sequencing technology provides a detailed profiling of the human vaginal microbiome; however, the exact mechanisms defining its role in women’s reproductive health remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in the vaginal microbiome composition during pregnancy commonly include transitions between different Lactobacillus species [ 3 , 18 ]. Five community state types (CSTs) of bacteria have been described in asymptomatic women at a reproductive age between 12 and 45 years [ 5 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositional Changes in the Vaginal Bacterial Microbiome of Healthy Pregnant Women across the Three Gestational Trimesters in Ismailia, Egypt

et al. 2023

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The composition of the vaginal microbiome may lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Normal pregnancy is associated with changes in the vaginal bacterial community composition, which tend to be more enriched with one or two Lactobacillus species promoting a healthy vagina and favorable birth outcomes. The aim of the current study was to determine compositional changes in the healthy vaginal microbiome composition during the three trimesters of pregnancy in Ismailia, Egypt using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA. The phylum Firmicutes and the genus Lactobacillus dominated across the three trimesters of pregnancy. L. iners was the most abundant species. However, L. coleohominis and L. reuteri represented the least dominant vaginal lactobacilli. Core microbiome analyses showed the Lactobacillus genus and L. iners species to have the highest prevalence in all the samples of our study groups. The phylum Firmicutes was found to be negatively correlated with almost all other vaginal phyla during pregnancy. Likewise, a negative correlation between Lactobacillus and almost all other genera was detected, including significant negative correlations with Dialister and Prevotella. Furthermore, negative correlations of L. iners were detected with almost all other species, including a significant negative correlation with L. helveticus, G. vaginalis, S. anginosus, and S. agalactiae.

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The reproductive tract microbiota in pregnancy

Cited by 12 publications

References 133 publications

High-Throughput Sequencing-Based Analysis of Changes in the Vaginal Microbiome during the Disease Course of Patients with Bacterial Vaginosis: A Case–Control Study

High-Throughput Sequencing-Based Analysis of Changes in the Vaginal Microbiome during the Disease Course of Patients with Bacterial Vaginosis: A Case–Control Study

The Role of Neutrophils in Pregnancy, Term and Preterm Labour

Compositional Changes in the Vaginal Bacterial Microbiome of Healthy Pregnant Women across the Three Gestational Trimesters in Ismailia, Egypt

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