The Renin Angiotensin System and the Metabolic Syndrome~!2010-02-12~!2010-04-19~!2010-06-25~!

Abstract

The renin angiotensin system (RAS) is important for fluid and blood pressure regulation. Recent studies suggest that an overactive RAS is involved in the metabolic syndrome. This article discusses recent advances on how genetic alteration of the RAS affects cardiovascular and metabolic phenotypes, with a special emphasis on the potential role of angiotensin-independent effects of renin.

A high-fish-oil diet prevents adiposity and modulates white adipose tissue inflammation pathways in mice

“…Ang II exerts its effects by binding to one of the two receptors, AT1r or AT2r [36]. WAT expresses all components of the RAS, leading to the production of Ang II, which functions as a local regulator of adipocyte functioning [37].…”

“…Local RAS is increased in obesity [4], as observed in our HF-L group. Ang II down-regulates PPARα and PPARγ gene and protein expression and increases the transcription of MCP-1, and the binding of Ang II to its receptor AT1r triggers many signal transduction pathways including MAPKs ERK and JNK, thus being implicated in IR and inflammation [5,6,34,36]. In mice, elevation of angiotensinogen in WAT generates hypertrophying epididymal adipose tissue and IR associated with adipose tissue inflammation [4].…”

Pharmacologic Effects of 2-Methoxyestradiol on Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Down-Regulation in Rat Liver Epithelial and Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells

“…Circulating and locally produced angiotensin II (AngII) controls a diverse array of processes, including the maintenance of blood pressure and fluid and electrolyte balance, regulation of cell growth and neuromodulatory functions [3]. Angiotensin II binds to at least two known high-affinity receptor subtypes termed angiotensin type 1 (AT1R) and angiotensin type 2 (AT2R) that mediate angiotensin II functions through signal transduction [4].…”

Asociación y efectos de interacción en los genes AGT, AGTR1, ACE, ADRB2, DRD1, ADD1, ADD2, ATP2B1, TBXA2R y PTGS2 sobre la hipertensión en población antioqueña

“…Los principales sistemas fisiológicos que se encuentran involucrados en el control de la presión arterial son el sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona, el endotelio vascular, la transducción de señales por vía del sistema nervioso y las proteínas del citoesqueleto, que se encargan del mantenimiento del flujo sanguíneo (presión sanguínea y volumen de fluidos extracelulares en el cuerpo), mediación de reacciones de vasodilatación-vasoconstricción y la regulación de la concentración de sales (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44).…”