The removal of bisphenols and other contaminants of emerging concern by hydrodynamic cavitation: From lab-scale to pilot-scale

Experimental and numerical studies on the cavitation in an advanced rotational hydrodynamic cavitation reactor for water treatment

“…According to the numerical results, reducing the distance can lead to a more violent compression interaction between the two dominant vortexes, and consequently, higher impact and vortex intensities can be achieved. Furthermore, the results also elucidated why the rotational speed can dominant the performance of ARHCRs, as confirmed in many previous studies [27] , [34] , [36] , [40] , [41] , [42] , [43] , [44] , [46] . Increasing rotational speeds can lead to higher impact and vortex velocities, and consequently, higher separation and vortex intensities.…”

“…Because HC is artificially generated by hydrodynamic cavitation reactors (HCRs), therefore, the design of high-performance HCRs is extremely vital for the effectiveness and economical efficiency of HC technology [23] . Unlike conventional HCRs (e.g., Venturi tubes or orifice plates) which have been widely utilized on a laboratory scale [24] , advanced rotational HCRs (ARHCRs) are found to yield significant effects in large numbers of scaled-up applications, such as water disinfection [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , decomposition of waste-activated sludge (WAS) [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] , degradation of organic matter [35] , [36] , [37] , biofuel synthesis [38] , [39] , [40] , fibrillation [41] , intensification of biogas production [42] , and delignification [43] .…”

Investigation into cavitational intensity and COD reduction performance of the pinned disc reactor with various rotor-stator arrangements

“…This, on the other hand, comes at the expense of a greater complexity of internal geometry and cavitation mechanism as opposed to fixed-geometry cavitators. Several different RGHC designs have been developed in the recent years, including dimpled rotors [14] , [15] , [18] , [19] , [21] , [23] vaned rotor–stator devices [20] , serrated discs [16] , [17] , [25] , [26] , [27] , and pinned discs [22] . Dimpled rotors have been proven effective in sludge solubilization [3] , [15] , destruction of cyanobacteria [18] and in esterification of vegetable oil [23] but are limited by relatively low liquid throughputs and somewhat modest COD removal performance.…”

“…Unlike the RGHC designs discussed above, serrated disc (SD) and pinned disc (PD) variants of rotary cavitating devices are easily scalable, allowing for high wastewater and sludge processing capacity [17] , [22] . The performance of SD RGHC has so far been studied on both lab-scale [25] , [26] , [28] , [29] and pilot-scale [16] , [17] , [27] , [30] with promising results regarding sludge solubilization, fibrillation of conifer fibers, wastewater disinfection and degradation of various dissolved organic compounds (i.e. pharmaceuticals, bisphenols).…”

“…pharmaceuticals, bisphenols). However, the most commonly used SD RGHC design with radial serrations requires a low and uniform rotor–stator clearance for optimal operation [27] and is thus prone to clogging or damage by larger solid particles. To overcome these limitations, Gostiša and co-workers [22] proposed a more robust, novel pinned disc design and evaluated its performance against a SD RGHC of the same rotor size.…”