The relevance of oxidative stress balance (Superoxide dismutase versus malondialdehyde) in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Abstract

Among bacterial infections associated with hepatic cirrhosis, the most common is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). Despite different protective measures, such as early diagnosis, therapy with albumin and the introduction of new antibiotics, the prognosis of these patients remains poor, with a mortality rate of 20-40%. In this context, the identification of patients with increased risk of death is extremely important for improving the prognosis. Thus, there is growing interest for studying the effects and mechanisms of oxidative stress, considering the requirements for identifying new substances with hepatoprotective functions and reducing various adverse effects. In this study, we assessed oxidative stress markers, the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the marker of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA), in the serum and ascitic fluid in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and SBP, in patients diagnosed with decompensated liver cirrhosis with ascites and in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis. Increased oxidative stress, demonstrated by a significant decrease of SOD and increase in MDA levels, was observed in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and SBP, compared with those without SBS, as well as those with compensated liver cirrhosis. Measuring these oxidative stress markers could have a fundamental importance in the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of this liver pathology.

Minireview on the Connections between the Neuropsychiatric and Dental Disorders: Current Perspectives and the Possible Relevance of Oxidative Stress and Other Factors

“…Thus, considering the aforementioned aspects and the previous experience of both our groups implicated in this minireview on the oxidative stress metabolism and its correlations with most of the neuropsychiatric disorders [67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74], but also modulations of oxidative stress status in some dental disorders [75][76][77] as well as our experience in studying pain processing in the neuropsychiatric context [66,78,79] and its possible correlations with music therapy [80], we decided to discuss at large in the present chapter the possible relevance of such parameters. Also adding up our gastrointestinal and brain-gut axis previous studies [81][82][83][84][85], we want to stress out the importance of oxidative stress status and its biomarkers, pain perception, music therapy and gastrointestinal and especially irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-related manifestations and their interactions with neuropsychiatric and dental disorders.…”