The Relative Age Effect (RAE) in Youth and Professional Soccer Players in Turkey

Mülazımoğlu, Olcay

doi:10.1080/09720073.2014.11891557

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Other studies conducted on the RAE phenomenon in various sport branches (1,21) and soccer (4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15,16,19,29,30) provide similar findings, that is players who were born in the first months or in the first quarter of the same year present higher distribution in selection to of formation of teams.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 67%

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Relative age effect in Turkish soccer

Mülazımoğlu¹,

Bayansalduz²,

Kaynak³

et al. 2016

Turk J Sport Exe

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Relative Age Effect (RAE) refers to the difference between the individuals who were born in the early or the later period of the same year. The purpose of this study was to investigate the existence and prevalence of RAE in Turkish Soccer. The data were collected from 3074 (530 professional players and 2544 amateur players) active players who play for eight different age categories of 19 soccer clubs in Turkish First Soccer League. The significance of the distributions by birth month, distributions by quarter-year and the differences between groups were analyzed through chi-square test. For all categories, first month (January%=22.10), and first quarter (Q1%=44.44) of distributions by birth month and were found to be significantly high (p<0.01). The researchers observed the existence and prevalence of RAE in youth and professional teams of Turkish Soccer Clubs. Trainers should evaluate players carefully during talent selection, in order to eliminate this unfair competition.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Another important suggestion might to re-evaluate the ranges while categorizing age groups. A pre-research on the topmost soccer teams of Turkey reported to existence of RAE on young players but it's not professional players (19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative age effect in Turkish soccer

Mülazımoğlu¹,

Bayansalduz²,

Kaynak³

et al. 2016

Turk J Sport Exe

Self Cite

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“…Assessment and monitoring of body composition in children and adolescents have great significance when there is the need to: a) study the prevalence of pediatric obesity, b) improve gender screening of body composition, c) track body composition from healthy childhood to adulthood, d) to assess FM changes over time in a given population [ 1 ], e) evaluate sport potential of young people, f) monitor training process, and g) prior knowledge of their physical characteristics [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, body composition models have a multicompartmental approach, as the reference method, which accounts for the variability of the main FFM components due to age and maturational changes, resulting in more valid equations [ 1 ]. Even using 4-C models, several anthropometric models have been developed to estimate one body component, usually FM for pediatric populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the exposition to ionizing radiation, the equipment cost along with the lack of feasibility for large-scale use limits its applicability in field settings (home, school environments, and sport clubs). Consequently, simple solutions to estimate body composition in children from anthropometric techniques including skin folds, bone breadth and circumferences have been widely used and are preferred in different contexts [ 1 ]. These alternatives are more convenient due to their low costs, they require low level of personnel training, they are minimally invasive and have good scientific credibility [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anthropometric multicompartmental model to predict body composition In Brazilian girls

Machado

Silva

Gobbo³

et al. 2017

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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BackgroundAnthropometric models remain appropriate alternatives to estimate body composition of peripubertal populations. However, these traditional models do not consider other body components that undergo major changes during peripubertal growth spurt, with restrictions to a multicompartimental approach as a quantitative growth. DXA has great potential to determine pediatric body composition in more than one component (3-C), but has limited use in field settings. Thus, the aim of this study was to propose and validate an anthropometric model for simultaneous estimation of lean soft tissue (LST), bone mineral content (BMC) and fat mass (FM) in healthy girls, from a multivariate approach of densitometric technique, as the criterion method.MethodsA sample of 84 Brazilian girls (7-17 years) was defined by chronological age and maturity offset. Whole total and regional DXA body scan were performed and, the components were defined (LST, BMC and FM) and considered as dependent variables. Twenty-one anthropometric measures were recorded as independent variables. From a multivariate regression, an anthropometric multicompartmental model was obtained.ResultsIt was possible to predict DXA body components with only four predictive measurements: body weight (BW); supra-iliac skinfold (SiSk); horizontal abdominal skinfold (HaSk) and contracted arm circumference (CaCi) with high coefficients of determination and low estimation errors (LST = 0.6662657 BW - 0. 2157279 SiSk - 0.2069373 HaSk + 0.3411678 CaCi - 1.8504187; BMC = 0.0222185 BW - 0.1001097 SiSk - 0.0064539 HaSk - 0.0084785 CaCi + 0.3733974 and FM = 0.3645630 BW + 0.1000325 SiSk - 0.2888978 HaSk - 0.4752146 CaCi + 2.8461916). The cross-validation was confirmed through the sum of squares of residuals (PRESS) method, presenting accurate coefficients (Q2 PRESS from 0.81 to 0.93) and reduced error reliability (SPRESS from 0.01 to 0.30).ConclusionsWhen sophisticated instruments are not available, this model provides valid estimates of multicompartmental body composition of girls in healthy Brazilian pediatric populations.

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