The relationships of the North Atlantic Oscillation to water temperature along the southern Baltic Sea coast

Girjatowicz, J.P.

doi:10.1002/joc.1618

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Somewhat stronger relationships between the NAO Index and water temperature are observed in the coastal zone. In December-March, the correlation coefficients were found to range from 0.74 in the western part of the coastal Baltic zone (S´winoujs´cie) to 0.81 in the eastern part (Władysławowo; Girjatowicz, 2008). However, the correlation coefficients in the December-February in the coastal lakes were found to range from 0.70 (Lake Łebsko) to 0.74 (Lake Gardno).…”

Section: Discussion and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The NAO Index in January (NAO Jan ) was significantly correlated with the lakes' water temperature until April (WT Apr ). Slightly stronger relationships covering a longer time span were observed in the southern Baltic coastal zone (Girjatowicz, 2008). The difference in the strength of the relationship could have been related to differences in the thermal inertia of the water areas compared.…”

Section: Discussion and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Effects of the North Atlantic Oscillation on water temperature in southern Baltic coastal lakes

Girjatowicz

2010

Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim.

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-The effects of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on water temperature (WT) in Lakes Jamno, Gardno, and Łebsko were studied between 1961 and 2000. Both sets of data (NAO and WT) consisted of monthly and seasonal values. Correlation and regression analyses were used and the relationships were tested for statistical significance (Fisher-Snedecor test, coefficients of correlation and determination). Positive and statistically significant (even at a = 0.01) relationships were demonstrated for the winter months (December, January, February and March) and in October. The strongest relationships were demonstrated for winter (December-February) in lakes Jamno and Gardno (correlation coefficients of 0.73 and 0.74). Extreme winters, particularly the very mild ones, tended to diminish the strength of the relationships. Very mild winters were characterised by relatively favourable solar (sunshine) conditions as well as high air and water temperatures, while the NAO Index values were relatively low. Relationships for spring (March-May) and summer (June-August) were not significant. In those seasons, the effects of atmospheric circulation (NAO) on WT were thus low, while the influences of solar factors were strong. Asynchronous relationships bear some predictive value, particularly when the predictive variable is the January NAO Index (NAO Jan ). These relationships were significant at a = 0.01, out to April (NAO Jan vs. WT Apr ). Attention is also drawn to local factors (air temperature, geostrophic wind, solar conditions, and sea water intrusions into lakes) which affected the strength of the relationships investigated.

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Section: Discussion and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussion and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of the North Atlantic Oscillation on water temperature in southern Baltic coastal lakes

Girjatowicz

2010

Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim.

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“…A possibility of this process taking place was highlighted by [5]. However, a decrease in Cl -concentrations, which had been maintained at relatively high levels in the past probably owing to deposition of sea-water aerosols within the area of lake's catchment basin, may be explained by changes in atmospheric circulation from previously prevailing north-westerly one to the circulation from the southern directions [19] and freshening of the lake by rain-waters. Also SO 4 2-concentrations, which are being brought together with sea-water aerosols eg [20] and volatile sulphur compounds of sea origin [21], should have changed like those of chlorides.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turkusowe Lake (Wolin Island, Poland) - Surface Waters Quality Changes in Years 1986-2010

Poleszczuk

Svobodová

Bucior-Kwaczyńska

et al. 2014

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Abstract:After presentation of the characteristics of a water reservoir in CaCO3 excavation pit, called the Turkusowe Lake, situated in the Wolin National Park on the Wolin Island, available results of the analyses referring to the quality of surface water of this water reservoir and being carried out since 1986 as well as those of own studies being carried out from 1999 to 2010 were gathered, collecting this way a research material covering the quarter-century 1986-2010. It was shown that the Turkusowe Lake is a water reservoir being resistant by nature to eutrophication (lake basin development and depth, surrounding by the heights adhering to it, and presence of CaCO3 building the lake basin), whereas an increase in the trophic level and development of eutrophication phenomena in the form of weak phytoplankton blooms being observed, particularly in 2005-2010, is connected with increased anthropogenic pressure in the form of direct discharge of municipal sewage to the lake and waste-water to the soil in the alimentation zone of underground waters feeding this lake. The extent of anthropogenic pressure was so big that it started to prevail over the natural processes limiting an increase in the trophic level in this lake.

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“…Similarly increasing the strength of relationships of atmospheric circulation with other meteorological and hydrological elements, e.g. the influence of NAO index on the air temperature (Marsz, ) and water temperature (Girjatowicz, ). It should be noted that the wind velocity increases eastwards, reaching the highest values in the Władysławowo region (Rozewie; Lorenc, ).…”

Section: Discussion and Final Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of atmospheric circulation on the water level on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea

Girjatowicz

Świątek

Wolski

2016

Intl Journal of Climatology

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The research focused on the relationships between atmospheric circulation patterns and the water level on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea. Monthly values of water levels were used, recorded between 1961 and 2010 in Wismar, Warnemünde, Sassnitz,Świnoujście, Kołobrzeg, Ustka and Władysławowo. To establish and examine the relationships between the water levels (dependent variable) and the number of days of atmospheric circulation patterns (independent variable), the correlation and regression analysis were conducted. The strongest relationships occur in the months of the cold season (November-March), especially in January, February and March, with the statistical significance of = 0.01 (usually = 0.001), mainly due to considerable atmospheric circulation activity. Relationships with the onshore circulation (W+NW+N) are slightly stronger than with the seaward circulation (E+SE+S). The intensity of these relationships grows eastwards (Ustka, Władysławowo), where the water levels are higher, their amplitudes and standard deviations are larger and the coastal exposure is more favourable. It is where in winter (December-February) the correlation coefficients exceed |0.80|. The relationships in the months of the warm season (April-October) are visibly weaker, especially with the E+SE+S circulation in the west part of the southern coast of the Baltic Sea (Wismar, Warnemünde), where they are statistically insignificant. The asynchronous relationships of water levels with atmospheric circulation are usually weaker than the synchronous ones. However, on the west coast (Wismar, Warnemünde), the asynchronous relationships, especially with the E+SE+S circulation with 1-month delay, are usually stronger than the synchronous ones. They may have a prognostic value. The longer the intervals between the studied variables are, the weaker the relationships become.

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The relationships of the North Atlantic Oscillation to water temperature along the southern Baltic Sea coast

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of the North Atlantic Oscillation on water temperature in southern Baltic coastal lakes

Effects of the North Atlantic Oscillation on water temperature in southern Baltic coastal lakes

Turkusowe Lake (Wolin Island, Poland) - Surface Waters Quality Changes in Years 1986-2010

The influence of atmospheric circulation on the water level on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea

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