The Relationships Among ADHD, Self-Esteem, and Test Anxiety in Young Adults

Dan, Orrie; Raz, Sivan

doi:10.1177/1087054712454571

Cited by 43 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…It is also interesting to note that the highest raw impairment in both groups was in self-concept. To a degree, this fits with the typical developmental challenges of the late adolescent and emerging adult periods, which in particular are marked by struggles with self-identity and pressure to establish independence in the “grown-up” world (Arnett, 2004), yet the large difference noted between ADHD and non-ADHD also reflects the state of the literature that suggests those with ADHD—even those in the “high-functioning” college student population—characteristically have a more negative self-view than other peers (Canu & Carlson, 2007; Dan & Raz, 2015; Shaw-Zirt, Popali-Lehane, Chaplin, & Bergman, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric Properties of the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale: Evidence for Utility in Research, Assessment, and Treatment of ADHD in Emerging Adults

et al. 2016

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric Properties of the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale: Evidence for Utility in Research, Assessment, and Treatment of ADHD in Emerging Adults

et al. 2016

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“…Dan and Raz (26), reported that test anxiety well known to affect success on tests, is correlated with ADHD. Therefore, interventions for ADHD should include components aimed at reducing test anxiety (26). Among the studies evaluating the text anxiety, we have not come across with a research directly gravitated towards ADHD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Test anxiety prevalance and related variables in the students who are going to take the university entrance examination

Kavakçı¹,

Sönmezer²,

Kartal³

et al. 2014

Dusunen Adam

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Test anxiety prevalance and related variables in the students who are going to take the university entrance examinationObjective: Test anxiety is common among students and has adverse effects on their exam performance. This study firstly focused on finding the prevalence of test anxiety. The second aim was to identify the predictors of test anxiety and its related variables among students who are going to take the university entrance exam.Method: Totally 436 students (girls=220, boys=216) who were randomly recruited from four different schools to represent all the students who will take the University Entrance Examination in Sivas city centre participated in the study. The students filled in the Socio-demographic Data Form sociodemographic form, Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI), Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) and Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS).Results: Test anxiety was detected in the 48.0% of students (n=208). Additionally, exam anxiety was found in 40.3% of the males (n=87) and in 55.8% of the girls (n=121) and the difference between them was statistically significant (p<0.001). There was a statistically significant relation between test anxiety and WURS, ASRS, STAI-II (Trait anxiety), LSAS anxiety, BDI scores. The symptoms of depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), social anxiety avoidant behavior, and the state of taking additional courses were found as the independence factors that affect the exam anxiety. A lifetime rate of suicide attempts were significantly more in those with exam anxiety. There was a relationship between test anxiety and the time spent for internet.Conclusion: Approximately half of the students taking the university entrance exams feel a high level of test anxiety. It may be useful for the test anxiety prevention programs to include the screening and treatment of ADHD, depression and social anxiety. Sonuç: Üniversite sınavlarına giren öğrencilerin yaklaşık yarısında yüksek düzeyde sınav kaygısı vardır. Sınav kaygısını önleme programlarının, DEHB, depresyon ve sosyal kaygının araştırılmasını ve tedavi edilmesini içermesi yararlı olabilir.Anahtar kelimeler: DEHB, depresyon, sosyal anksiyete, sınav kaygısı

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“…Children with ADHD report lower self-esteem and show an increased rate of academic failure and test anxiety. Cognitive problems such as impaired working memory and reduced executive function are also common (Dan and Raz, 2012). Adolescents with ADHD struggle with delinquency, substance abuse and numerous comorbid psychiatric disorders such as oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and learning disorders (Biederman, 2005).…”

Section: Evidence From Human Studies Suggest That Maternal Metabomentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal high-fat diet programming of the neuroendocrine system and behavior

Sullivan

Riper

Lockard

et al. 2015

Hormones and Behavior

145

108

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Maternal obesity, metabolic state, and diet during gestation have profound effects on offspring development. The prevalence of neurodevelopmental and mental health disorders has risen rapidly in the last several decades in parallel with the rise in obesity rates. Evidence from epidemiological studies indicates that maternal obesity and metabolic complications increase the risk of offspring developing behavioral disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and schizophrenia. Animal models show that a maternal diet high in fat similarly disrupts behavioral programming of offspring, with animals showing social impairments, increased anxiety and depressive behaviors, reduced cognitive development, and hyperactivity. Maternal obesity, metabolic conditions, and high fat diet consumption increase maternal leptin, insulin, glucose, triglycerides, and inflammatory cytokines. This leads to increased risk of placental dysfunction, and altered fetal neuroendocrine development. Changes in brain development that likely contribute to the increased risk of behavioral and mental health disorders include increased inflammation in the brain, as well as alterations in the serotonergic system, dopaminergic system and hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis.

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The Relationships Among ADHD, Self-Esteem, and Test Anxiety in Young Adults

Abstract: The findings of this study suggest that TA, well known to affect success on tests, is correlated with ADHD. Therefore, interventions for ADHD should include components aimed at reducing TA.

Cited by 43 publications

References 63 publications

Psychometric Properties of the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale: Evidence for Utility in Research, Assessment, and Treatment of ADHD in Emerging Adults

Psychometric Properties of the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale: Evidence for Utility in Research, Assessment, and Treatment of ADHD in Emerging Adults

Test anxiety prevalance and related variables in the students who are going to take the university entrance examination

Maternal high-fat diet programming of the neuroendocrine system and behavior

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