The relationship of normal, involuntary retirement to early mortality among U.S. rubber workers

Mortality among retired fur workers. Dyers, dressers (tanners) and service workers.

“…SMR values for cardiovascular disease in other occupational cohorts of normal retirees are typically not elevated (5,6,12,29). Furthermore, occupational exposures usually associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease or sudden deaths due to cardiac failure , such as carbon disulfide (41), carbon monoxide (16), nitroglycerin (21), fluorocarbon aerosol propellants, freon, and halogenated hydrocarbons (33), are not suspected of being present to any great extent in the work environment of the fur service worker.…”

Alcohol as a Response to Stress in Older Adults: A Counseling Perspective

“…It is clear, however, that alcohol abuse causes more Barnes et al, 1980;Duckworth & Rosenblatt, 1976;Glantz, 1981;Glatt, 1978;Johnson et al, 1986;Stones & Kozma, 1984Barnes et al, 1980Haynes et al, 1977;Schuckit, 1977;Selye, 1980Boardman, 2004Kola & Kosberg, 1981;Stones & Kozma, 1984;Zimberg, 1974Brown & Chiang, 1983Christie, 1983;Peck, 1979;Rosin & Glatt, 1971;Schonfeld & Dupree, 1991;Stroebe et al, 1996;Victor & Scarf, 2005Frytak et al, 2003Pearlin, 1983;Pearlin et al, 1981;Pearlin et al, 2005Eckenrode, 1984Pearlin & Radabaugh, 1976 Mostly Chronic (C) or Acute (A)…”

Contribution of Personality Research to an Understanding of Stress and Aging

“…It was once believed that health deteriorated rapidly after retirement, suggesting that the stress of perceived uselessness led to higher mortality. But when health status before retirement is taken into account (as it must be, since retirement is often determined by health status), there are no noticeable differences in mortality (Haynes, McMichael, & Tyroler, 1977). Similarly, studies of the psychological well-being of retired individuals show little change in life satisfaction or morale as a result of retirement (Sheppard, 1976).…”