The Relationship of Language and Emotion: N400 Support for an Embodied View of Language Comprehension

Chwilla, Dorothee J.; Virgillito, Daniele; Vissers, Constance

doi:10.1162/jocn.2010.21578

Cited by 76 publications

(146 citation statements)

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“…For example, recent studies have reported that predictive processing effects are absent under certain circumstances (e.g., Chwilla, Virgillito, & Vissers, 2011) and in different speaker groups such as children with low vocabulary scores (e.g., Borovsky, Elman, & Fernald, 2012;Mani & Huettig, 2012), older adults (DeLong, Groppe, Urbach, & Federmeier & Kutas, 2005;Federmeier, McLennan, De Ochoa, & Kutas, 2002;Wlotko, Federmeier, & Kutas, 2012), second language learners (e.g., Grüter, Lew-Williams, & Fernald, 2012;Kaan, 2014;Martin et al, 2013), illiterate adults (Mishra, Singh, Pandey, & Huettig, 2012), and patients with schizophrenia (e.g., Ford & Mathalon, 2012;Kuperberg, 2010). While such findings may suggest that certain speaker groups cannot (or do not) engage predictive processing, it is also possible that these speakers do in fact anticipate upcoming inputs during comprehension, but that some of the computations involved are still incomplete when the relevant input arises.…”

Section: Other Cases Of Apparent "Prediction Failure"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wait a second! delayed impact of argument roles on on-line verb prediction

Chow

Lau

Wang

et al. 2018

Language, Cognition and Neuroscience

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Comprehenders can use rich contextual information to anticipate upcoming input on the fly, but recent findings suggest that salient information about argument roles may not impact verb prediction. We took advantage of the word order properties of Mandarin Chinese to examine the time course with which argument role information impacts verb prediction. We isolated the contribution of argument role information by manipulating the order of pre-verbal noun phrase arguments while holding lexical information constant, and we examined its effects on accessing the verb in long-term semantic memory by measuring the amplitude of the N400 component.Experiment 1 showed when the verb appeared immediately after its arguments, even strongly constraining argument role information failed to modulate the N400 response to the verb. An N400 effect emerged in Experiment 2 when the verb appeared at a greater delay. Experiment 3 corroborated the contrast between the first two experiments through a within-participants manipulation of the time interval between the arguments and the verb, by varying the position of an adverbial phrase. These results suggest time is a key factor governing how diverse contextual information contributes to predictions. Here argument role information is shown to impact verb prediction, but its effect is not immediate.3

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Section: Other Cases Of Apparent "Prediction Failure"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wait a second! delayed impact of argument roles on on-line verb prediction

Chow

Lau

Wang

et al. 2018

Language, Cognition and Neuroscience

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“…In contrast, embodied theories, in which comprehension entails simulating actions, predict an effect of emotional state on language processing [5] [6]. In line with this, the presence of language by emotional state interactions for N400, have been presented as support for embodied theories (e.g., [15]) over modular (abstract symbol) theories. The absence of a modulation of the processing of the conceptual mismatches in the picture-sentence task reported in this article, therefore, seems to support modular theories of language and challenges embodied theories of language comprehension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…ERP studies at the sentence level have shown that a participant's background emotional state-like being in a happy or sad mood-has an immediate influence on the processing of semantic and syntactic information (e.g., [15] [16]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The few studies that investigated the influence of emotional state on language at the sentence level have consistently shown that mood affects semantic processing. One study investigated the impact of emotional state on the standard N400 cloze probability effect [15]. A happy vs. sad mood was induced by presenting film clips.…”

Section: There Is a Wealth Of Articles Showing That Reliable Modulatimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies reported above show that emotional state immediately affects semantic processing. In particular, the processing of different kinds of semantic mismatches-an unexpected word in the presence of a highly expected word [15], a within-or between-category violation [16] [18], an unexpected scenario based on world knowledge [19]-gave rise to language by emotion interactions. The results regarding the effect of mood on the processing of syntactic mismatches are less clear.…”

Section: There Is a Wealth Of Articles Showing That Reliable Modulatimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Emotional State on Processing Conceptual Mismatches: ERPs in a Picture-Sentence Matching Task

Goertz

Vissers²,

Verhees³

et al. 2017

JBBS

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Event-related potential (ERP) studies demonstrated that emotional state immediately affects the processing of different linguistic mismatches (e.g., semantic and syntactic mismatches) in sentences. Furthermore, mood has been shown to impact discourse processing. In these studies, a strong expectancy was evoked by a linguistic context. In the present study, a strong expectancy was induced by a visual (non-linguistic) context paired with a sentence. A spatial array was followed by a sentence that matched (-The square stands in front of the circle) or mismatched the picture (intra-dimensional mismatch: -The square stands behind the circle; extra-dimensional mismatch: -The square stands above the circle). The main question was whether mood effects on the processing of visually induced expectancies are similar or different from mood effects on the processing of linguistically induced expectancies. To this aim, we presented conceptual (mis)matches that differed in saliency: intra-dimensional vs. extra-dimensional mismatches which are both reported to elicit an N2b/N400 and P600, reflecting reanalysis. EEG was recorded while participants read for comprehension. Mood (happy vs. sad) was effectively induced by film clips. Neither for N2b/N400 nor for P600, an interaction between mood and match was observed. Thus, in contrast with studies investigating the effects of pure linguistic mismatches (linguistic context paired with unexpected lexical item), mood did not modulate the processing of conceptual mismatches. However, a main effect of match revealed different ERP patterns for the two mismatches. While an increase in N2b/ N400 occurred for the intra-dimensional and extra-dimensional mismatches, a P600 only occurred to the extra-dimensional (more salient) mismatches.

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Mirror neurons and their relationship with neurodegenerative disorders

Farina

Borgnis

Pozzo

2020

J of Neuroscience Research

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The finding of mirror neurons (MNs) has provided a biological substrate to a new concept of cognition, relating data on actions and perceptions not only to integrate perception in action planning and execution but also as a neural mechanism supporting a wide range of cognitive functions. Here we first summarize data on MN localization and role in primates, then we report findings in normal human subjects: functional magnetic resonance imaging and neurophysiological studies sustain that MNs have a role in motor learning and recognizing actions and intentions of others, and they also support an embodied view of language, empathy, and memory. Then, we detail the results of literature searching on MNs and embodied cognition in Parkinson's disease (PD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD)/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and in mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/Alzheimer's disease (AD). In PD the network of MN could be altered, but its hyperactivation might support motor and cognitive performances at least in early stages. In the ALS/FTD continuum, preliminary evidence points out to an involvement of the MN network, which could explain language and inter-subjectivity deficits shown in patients affected by these clinical entities. In the MCI/ AD spectrum, a few recent studies suggest a possible progressive involvement from posterior to anterior areas of the MN network, with the brain putting in place compensatory mechanisms in early stages. Reinterpreting neurodegenerative diseases at the light of the new views about brain organization stemming from the discovery of MN could help to better comprehend clinical manifestations and open new pathways to rehabilitation. K E Y W O R D S Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, embodied cognition, frontotemporal dementia, mirror neurons, Parkinson's disease | 1071 FARINA et Al.

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The Relationship of Language and Emotion: N400 Support for an Embodied View of Language Comprehension

Cited by 76 publications

References 56 publications

Wait a second! delayed impact of argument roles on on-line verb prediction

Wait a second! delayed impact of argument roles on on-line verb prediction

Effects of Emotional State on Processing Conceptual Mismatches: ERPs in a Picture-Sentence Matching Task

Mirror neurons and their relationship with neurodegenerative disorders

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