The Relationship of Circulating Homocysteine with Fibrinogen, Blood Pressure, and Other Cardiovascular Measures in African Adolescents

Plessis, Jacomina P. du; Nienaber-Rousseau, Cornelie; Lammertyn, Leandi; Schutte, Aletta E.; Pieters, Marlien; Kruger, Herculina S

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.03.034

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Blood disorders: Of 5 studies, 3 (60%) found a significant association with HTN. Of the 3 studies, the reported risks were higher hemoglobin concentration ( 90 ), lower serum magnesium ( 108 ), lower serum potassium, and higher C-reactive protein levels ( 102 , 109 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

Nsanya,

Abramson,

Kisigo

et al. 2023

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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IntroductionHypertension (HTN) among adolescents is common in high-income countries, and leads to increased premature cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the prevalence of HTN among adolescents, associated risk factors and CVD complications are not well-described. Such data is needed for planning public health programs to prevent premature CVD in SSA.MethodsWe systematically searched 5 databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and African Index Medicus) from their establishment to December 2021. Key search terms were: adolescent, arterial hypertension, and names of the 48 countries in SSA. We used Covidence® to manage the search results. The review was registered in the Open Science Framework (OSF) https://osf.io/p5sbt/.ResultsWe identified 4,008 articles out of which we screened 3,088 abstracts, and reviewed 583 full-text articles. We finally included 92 articles that were published between 1968 to December 2021. The majority were cross-sectional studies (80%) and conducted in school settings (78%). The risk of bias was low for 59 studies (64.1%), moderate for 29 studies (31.5%), and high for 4 studies (4.3%). Overall, the prevalence of HTN varied widely from 0.18% to 34.0% with a median (IQR) of 5.5% (3.1%, 11.1%). It was relatively higher in studies using automated blood pressure (BP) devices, and in studies defining HTN using thresholds based on percentile BP distribution for one's height, age, and sex. In addition, the prevalence of HTN was significantly higher in studies from Southern Africa region of SSA and positively correlated with the year of publication. Across studies, traditional risk factors such as age, sex, body mass index, and physical inactivity, were commonly found to be associated with HTN. In contrast, non-traditional risk factors related to poverty and tropical diseases were rarely assessed. Only three studies investigated the CVD complications related to HTN in the study population.ConclusionThe prevalence of HTN among adolescents in SSA is high indicating that this is a major health problem. Data on non-traditional risk factors and complications are scarce. Longitudinal studies are needed to clearly define the rates, causes, and complications of HTN.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://osf.io/p5sbt/, identifier (10.17605/OSF.IO/P5SBT).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

Nsanya,

Abramson,

Kisigo

et al. 2023

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…Fruits (31.4%), vegetables (36.2%), carbonated drinks (19.0%) and puff-puff (deep fried dough made from refined white flour, sugar, salt, nutmeg and yeast) (48.6%) were less consumed by HTN participants. About 39% of adolescents with HTN add table salt to their already prepared foods Ayogu and Nwodo [ 47 ] Nigeria 401 10–19 Overweight 3.2% (BMI z-score > + 2SD WHO) Those who skipped meals had almost twofold higher risk of HTN with impaired fasting capillary glucose Gewa et al [ 39 ] Kenya 390 10–12 The proportion of children with HTN was 1.42-fold greater among children with high frequency of consumption of chips/crisps compared with children with lower frequency of consumption Du Plessis et al [ 48 ] South Africa 140 13–17 21.5% had a stunted nutrition status Homocysteine (amino acid found in animal protein) associated with BP. Homocysteine tertiles and BP categories indicates that those in the highest and lowest homocysteine tertiles had a higher risk HTN than those in the middle tertile Birth weight / maternal Kaze et al [ 49 ] Cameroon 80 5–10 26.2% had a low birth weight (< 2500 g) (self-reported) 9.5% of those with low birth weight had HTN Redjala et al [ 50 ] Algeria 3562 6–18 22.7% with birthweight < 1500 g had HTN (self-reported) Pre-HTN and HTN associated with gestational age > 36 weeks, early birth, reduced birth weight, and shorter duration of breastfeeding Boerstra et al [ 51 ] South Africa 189 3–6 50% of offspring were born to mothers with HFDP.…”

Section: Childhood Hypertension In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regard to diet [ 20 , 38 , 39 , 46 – 48 ], data from the studies included in this review suggest that sodium intake is a factor of concern. In the Ghanian national cross-sectional study done by Amponsem-Boateng et al, it was shown that adding extra salt to a meal increases the odds of developing hypertension by 36.0% and by 16.0% for pre-hypertension [ 38 ].…”

Section: Childhood Hypertension In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting and Managing Childhood Onset Hypertension in Africa: A Call to Action

et al. 2023

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Purpose of Review To review recent evidence on childhood hypertension across Africa, identifying knowledge gaps, challenges and priorities, and highlight clinical perspectives in managing primary hypertension. Recent Findings Only 15 of the 54 African countries reported on absolute blood pressure (BP) measures, elevated BP, pre- and/or hypertension. The reported hypertension prevalence ranged between 0.0 and 38.9%, while elevated BP and/or pre-hypertnesion ranged from 2.7 to 50.5%. Childhood BP nomograms are lacking across Africa and the rates of hypertension were based on guidelines developed in countries with the lowest to no number of children from African ancestry. The recent studies across Africa also showed little to no detail when reporting BP specific methodology. No recent data informing the use or effectiveness of antihypertensive agents in children and adolesents are available. Summary Childhood hypertension is on the rise, while data from Africa remains vastly under-represented. Collaborative research, resources, and policies need to be strengthened in addressing the growing public health concern of childhood onset hypertension on this continent.

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“…Among them, many scholars have still discussed the two indicators of Hcy and hs-CRP. At present, most experimental reports at home and abroad have clarified that these two indicators are important independent risk factors for the formation and progression of carotid plaque and cerebrovascular disease [5][6][7][8].As for the relationship between the occurrence of cerebrovascular diseases and Hcy and hs-CRP levels in high altitude areas, the plasma levels of Hcy, hs-CRP and folic acid in hypertensive patients of Tibetan and Chinese ethnic groups in the plateau areas are significantly increased, which is an important factor influencing the stability of carotid plaque [9]. Some studies have also found through prospective studies that plasma Hcy and hs-CRP in patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction under high-altitude low pressure and hypoxia [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between carotid plaque and plasma Hcy, hs-CRP and RBC in stroke patients at different elevations

Tian,

Liu,

Zhang

2023

Preprint

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Relationship between carotid plaque and plasma Hcy, hs-CRP and RBC in stroke patients at different elevations Abstract：Objective To explore the relationship of carotid plaque with plasma homocysteine (Hcy), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and red blood cell count (RBC) in stroke patients at different elevations. Methods Selecting patients with cerebral infarction at different altitudes as screening subjects, RBC and carotid media thickness (IMT) of two groups of patients were measured.Results The total detection rate was 48.52% (197/403), with a detection rate of 57.14% (116/203) in Group A and 39.9% (81/203) in Group B. The detection rate in Group A was significantly higher than that in Group B (P<0.05). Group A had higher total cholesterol (TC), Hcy, hs-CRP, RBC, and IMT, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was lower (P<0.05). Groups A and B without plaques and HDL-C had higher Hcy, LDL-C, RBC, and IMT (P<0.05); The levels of Hcy, hs-CRP, and RBC in stable plaques were lower (P<0.05), while the levels of Hcy, hs-CRP, and RBC in vulnerable plaques in Group A were higher than those in Group B (P<0.05). Conclusion The detection rate of carotid plaque was high in stroke patients at high altitude, Hcy, hs-CRP and RBC are all independent risk factors for carotid plaque in stroke patients in high altitude areas.

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The Relationship of Circulating Homocysteine with Fibrinogen, Blood Pressure, and Other Cardiovascular Measures in African Adolescents

Cited by 7 publications

References 38 publications

Hypertension among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

Hypertension among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

Detecting and Managing Childhood Onset Hypertension in Africa: A Call to Action

Relationship between carotid plaque and plasma Hcy, hs-CRP and RBC in stroke patients at different elevations

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