The relationship of 3-PBA pyrethroids metabolite and male reproductive hormones among non-occupational exposure males

Bioremediation of β-cypermethrin and 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde contaminated soils using Streptomyces aureus HP-S-01

“…As a general degradation product of pyrethroids, 3-PBA has higher mobility than the parent compounds and causes widespread contamination in soil (Xie et al 2008;Duan et al 2011). Furthermore, 3-PBA is classified as an endocrine disrupting chemical owning to its antiestrogenic activity (Tyler et al 2000;Sun et al 2006;Han et al 2008;Meeker et al 2009). Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective remediation methods to eliminate these contaminants from the environments.…”

Analysis and evaluation of pyrethroid exposure in human population based on biological monitoring of urinary pyrethroid metabolites

“…Two studies on Chinese men diagnosed with unexplained male-factor infertility reported that urinary PYR metabolites were associated with altered semen quality, increased serum luteinizing hormone and reduced serum estradiol levels. 13,16) Meeker et al 14,15) reported that increased sperm DNA damage identified by comet assay, and reduced serum inhibin B and testosterone may relate to urinary PYR metabolites among the US general population. These lines of evidence suggest that long-term PYR exposure might induce adverse effects in the reproductive system of adult men, although the dose-response relationship of the above findings should be investigated further.…”

“…[9][10][11][12] More recently, some researchers have reported the relationship between urinary metabolite levels and several adverse health outcomes in epidemiological studies. [13][14][15][16] In this review, the biological monitoring of PYR in the general population and its limitations will be discussed.…”

Comparison of urinary concentrations of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid among general residents in rural and suburban areas and employees of pest control firms

“…While our analytical method could be applied to determine other urinary PYR metabolites such as cis/trans-DCCA, the data were not included in this study because we considered that the technical ability of our laboratory to quantify such metabolites still had to be conWrmed. Moreover, the renally excreted 3-PBA has been used as an established marker to reXect multiple sources of environmental exposure to diVerent PYRs (Han et al 2008), and its detection rate is the highest of all the PYR metabolites in the general population (CDC 2005).…”

“…Among the classes of widely recognized pesticides, synthetic pyrethroids (PYRs) have been so greatly improved in terms of highly selective toxicity to targeted pests and low persistence due to rapid photodegradation in the outdoor environment that acute human episodes relevant to their chemical actions have become less frequent. In spite of their much lower toxicity to mammals than other pesticides such as organophosphates, concerns still remain over such biological eVects as immunosuppression (Repetto and Baliga 1997), estrogenicity of their metabolites (McCarthy et al 2006), or inXuence on male reproductive hormone levels (Han et al 2008).…”