The relationship between the duration of the service period and the milk yield of the Holsteinized black-mottled breed

Abstract

The article says that all over the world, dairy livestock is used for dairy production. They use such breeds as a black-mottled breed, Holstein, Dutch ones. Breeding livestock differs in economically useful qualities depending on the climatic and ecological-forage conditions of the breeding zone, and the gene pool of breed resources. The widespread and long-term use of the Holsteinisation, along with a positive effect, i.e., an increase in milk yield, revealed problems associated with a decrease in the reproductive functions of the livestock. The aim of the work is to study the milk yield of the Holsteinized black-mottled breed of the Ural type depending on the duration of the service period. The article notes a significant percentage of dairy cows with a service period of more than 200 days and 121-160 days. Dairy cows with a service period of up to 120 days turned out to be 32%, taking into account the presence of dairy cows with optimal insemination period of only 19%. This indicates a decrease in reproductive functions in the Holsteinized black-mottled breed of the Ural type. The change in milk yield per three lactation depending on the duration of the service period is mainly determined by the individual characteristics of dairy cows and but not on the service period. Dairy cows with a service period of 103 days have the highest milk yield indicators. Dairy cows of other groups with other duration of the service periods had milk yield by 209 - 656 kg, or 1.96 - 6.15% less. The difference was not reliable due to the significant variation in milk yield within the groups. The duration of the service period does not affect the quality indicators of milk. The optimal duration of the service period for livestock breeding, namely the Holsteinized black- mottled breed of the Ural type is considered to be 81-120 days. An increase in the duration of the service period does not lead to an increase in milk yield, but affects the duration of productive longevity of dairy cows.

Formation of prerequisites for reforming the dairy cattle breeding system

“…The number of farms licensed in the field of livestock breeding determines the livestock breeding zone of the Russian Federation, which, in turn, determines the level of genetic diversity of farm animals in the country [19][20][21][22].…”

Influence of kappa-casein genotype on milk yield of cows and on culling of cows

“…A large array of Holsteinized black-and-white mottled cattle was derived in many regions of our country. Those breeds differ among themselves in economically useful traits and exterior features; the differences and features are related to the breeding zone and breed resources used in the crossing [7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Dynamics of reproductive qualities of cows depending on the productive longevity

“…The gene pool of the Holstein breed, which is considered the best dairy breed in the world, for more than four decades has been widely used and continues to be used to improve domestic livestock, including the black-and-white mottled breed in order to increase plentiful milk yield and improve technological characteristics in industrial production [13][14][15][16][17].…”