The Relationship Between Stressful Life Events and Cognitive Function in HIV-Infected Men

Pukay‐Martin, Nicole D.; Cristiani, Sarah A.; Saveanu, Radu V.; Bornstein, Robert A.

doi:10.1176/jnp.15.4.436

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…There are however few studies into the association of these factors with neuro-cognitive impairment in HIV [20]. This study is one of the few that demonstrates this association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Prevalence and factors associated with probable HIV dementia in an African population: A cross-sectional study of an HIV/AIDS clinic population

2013

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BackgroundThe HIV/AIDS infection is common in sub-Saharan Africa and is associated with psychological and neuro- cognitive impairment. These conditions, however, remain largely unrecognized. In this study we aimed to determine the prevalence of probable HIV dementia (PHD) in an HIV clinic population in Uganda and to delineate the factors associated with such impairment in these HIV positive individuals.MethodsSix hundred eighty HIV clinic attendees were surveyed in a cross sectional study. PHD was assessed using the International Dementia Scale (IHDS). Standardized measures were also used to assess clinical, psychological, social and demographic variables. Respondents were aged 18 years and above and did not have severe physical or mental health conditions. Multivariate analysis was conducted to identify associations between PHD and various factors.ResultsThe prevalence of probable HIV dementia was 64.4%. PHD was significantly associated with increasing stress scores and psychosocial impairment but not with age, BMI, CD4 count, use of HAART, or a diagnosis of depression or alcohol dependence.ConclusionThe prevalence of probable HIV dementia in an ambulatory adult HIV positive population in Uganda was 64.4%. Increasing stress scores and psychosocial impairment were significant contributing factors. Clinicians need to be aware of this and to make efforts to identify neuro-cognitive impairment. Secondly there is need for more studies to better understand the relationship between PHD and stress in HIV populations so as to inform patient care.

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“…There are however few studies into the association of these factors with neuro-cognitive impairment in HIV [20]. This study is one of the few that demonstrates this association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Prevalence and factors associated with probable HIV dementia in an African population: A cross-sectional study of an HIV/AIDS clinic population

2013

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“…It is important to note that it is not only dietary changes that may be important in reducing risk and consequences of disease. Avoiding chronic stress situations and increasing physical activity and exercise (including mental exercise) are also important and can modify the course of cognitive decline and delay mortality 90–93 …”

Section: Inflammation and Brain Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition, Inflammation, and Cognitive Function

Wärnberǵ

Gómez‐Martínez

Romeo

et al. 2009

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

104

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Inflammation, particularly low-grade chronic inflammation, appears to affect several brain functions, from early brain development to the development of neurodegenerative disorders and perhaps some psychiatric diseases. On the other hand, nutrition and dietary components and patterns have a plethora of anti- and pro-inflammatory effects that could be linked to cognitive function. Even a modest effect of nutrition on cognitive decline could have significant implications for public health. This paper summarizes the available evidence regarding inflammation as a key mechanism in cognitive function and nutritional pro- or anti-inflammatory effects with the purpose of linking the apparent disparate disciplines of nutrition, immunity, and neurology.

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“…For example, many studies showed that early life stress exposure was associated with poorer adult cognitive function in memory domains and executive function in healthy and psychopathology populations (Navalta et al, 2006), and individuals who reporting predictive early life stress exhibited poorer processing speed and working memory performance (Saleh et al, 2017). In addition, Pukay-Martin et al (2003) found that, for HIV-positive subjects, stressful life events were related to poor performance on measures of executive function, attention, and processing speed, while positive life events were related to better performance. In addition to behavioral evidence, evidence from neuroimaging study also suggested that, greater activation in brain regions responsible for executive functions accounted for the association between exposure to chronic stress and less use of adaptive coping among adolescents (Reising et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Executive Function and Resilience as Mediators of Adolescents’ Perceived Stressful Life Events and School Adjustment

Zhang

Zhang³

et al. 2019

Front. Psychol.

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This study investigated psychological mechanisms underlying the relationship between stressful life events and school adjustment in Chinese adolescents. The Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Checklist, the Adolescent Executive Function Scale, the Chinese version of the Resilience Scale, and the School-adjustment Scale were administered to 1101 Chinese adolescents (465 males, 636 females), aged 11–19 years, from three secondary schools. Results from serial mediation analysis revealed that perceived stressful life events could affect school adjustment through the mediation of executive function and resilience. The mediation effect contained three paths, the separate mediation effect of executive function, the separate mediation effect of resilience, and the serial mediation effect of executive function and resilience. These findings provide valuable insights into the effect of perceived stressful life events on school adjustment of Chinese adolescents, and suggest that, the researchers and educators could enhance school adjustment in vulnerable groups by improving their executive function and resilience.

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The Relationship Between Stressful Life Events and Cognitive Function in HIV-Infected Men

Cited by 29 publications

References 19 publications

Prevalence and factors associated with probable HIV dementia in an African population: A cross-sectional study of an HIV/AIDS clinic population

Prevalence and factors associated with probable HIV dementia in an African population: A cross-sectional study of an HIV/AIDS clinic population

Nutrition, Inflammation, and Cognitive Function

Executive Function and Resilience as Mediators of Adolescents’ Perceived Stressful Life Events and School Adjustment

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