The relationship between smoker and nonsmoker prototypes and smoking status among 14-year-old Norwegians

Skalle, Silje; Rise, Jostein

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.04.009

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 123 publications

(167 reference statements)

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“…prototype investigations (Skalle & Rise, 2006). We note here, however, that there are no similar studies examining health-promoting behavior.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Although the above-mentioned study (Rivis & Sheeran, 2003) did not use a factor analytical protocol, we have used exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation to detect the structure of prototype perceptions, similar to previous prototype investigations of health-risk behaviors (Skalle & Rise, 2006). The dimensions of prototype perceptions of physically active peers were labeled as a positive personality-related prototype factor and a positive fitness and health-related prototype factor, whereas the third factor (a negative prototype factor) did not show satisfactory reliability (Cronbach's alpha > 0.70).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do High- and Low-Active Adolescents Have Different Prototypes of Physically Active Peers?

et al. 2009

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“…prototype investigations (Skalle & Rise, 2006). We note here, however, that there are no similar studies examining health-promoting behavior.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do High- and Low-Active Adolescents Have Different Prototypes of Physically Active Peers?

et al. 2009

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“…They would rather pay attention to immediate circumstances and the short-term 'gratification' of tobacco use (Skalle & Rise 2006).…”

Section: Knowledge and Misconceptions About Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking among young children in Hong Kong: influence of parental smoking

Loke

Wong

2010

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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“…The assumption is that the more similar to the self and the more favorably the prototype is perceived, the more the individual will be willing or intending to engage in certain behavior [17,20]. Prototypes can incorporate core values (ie, goal states) that individuals desire (or avoid) (eg, [18,32]). Altering the perception of prototypes can be used as a strategy to cultivate behavior change by, for instance, contemplation of or accentuating the negative or positive characteristics attributed to the prototypes [33,34] and by encouraging social comparison and distancing from health-risk prototypes [35,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinker Prototype Alteration and Cue Reminders as Strategies in a Tailored Web-Based Intervention Reducing Adults’ Alcohol Consumption: Randomized Controlled Trial

Lettow¹,

Vries²,

Burdorf³

et al. 2015

J Med Internet Res

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BackgroundExcessive alcohol use is a prevalent and worldwide problem. Excessive drinking causes a significant burden of disease and is associated with both morbidity and excess mortality. Prototype alteration and provision of a cue reminder could be useful strategies to enhance the effectiveness of online tailored interventions for excessive drinking.ObjectiveThrough a Web-based randomized controlled trial, 2 strategies (ie, prototype alteration and cue reminders) within an existing online personalized feedback intervention (Drinktest) aimed to reduce adults’ excessive drinking. It was expected that both strategies would add to Drinktest and would result in reductions in alcohol consumption by intrinsic motivation and the seizure of opportunities to act.MethodsParticipants were recruited online and through printed materials. Excessive drinking adults (N=2634) were randomly assigned to 4 conditions: original Drinktest, Drinktest plus prototype alteration, Drinktest plus cue reminder, and Drinktest plus prototype alteration and cue reminder. Evaluation took place at 1-month posttest and 6-month follow-up. Differences in drinking behavior, intentions, and behavioral willingness (ie, primary outcomes) were assessed by means of longitudinal multilevel analyses using a last observation carried forward method. Measures were based on self-reports.ResultsAll conditions showed reductions in drinking behavior and willingness to drink, and increased intentions to reduce drinking. Prototype alteration (B=–0.15, P<.05) and cue reminder usage (B=–0.15, P<.05) were both more effective in reducing alcohol consumption than when these strategies were not provided. Combining the strategies did not produce a synergistic effect. No differences across conditions were found regarding intentions or willingness.ConclusionsAlthough individuals’ awareness of their cue was reasonable, their reported alcohol consumption was nevertheless reduced. Individuals appeared to distance their self-image from heavier drinking prototypes. Thus, prototype alteration and cue reminder usage may be feasible and simple intervention strategies to promote reductions in alcohol consumption among adults, with an effect up to 6 months.Trial RegistrationNederlands Trial Register (NTR): 4169; http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=4169 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6VD2jnxmB).

show abstract

The relationship between smoker and nonsmoker prototypes and smoking status among 14-year-old Norwegians

Cited by 23 publications

References 123 publications

Do High- and Low-Active Adolescents Have Different Prototypes of Physically Active Peers?

Do High- and Low-Active Adolescents Have Different Prototypes of Physically Active Peers?

Smoking among young children in Hong Kong: influence of parental smoking

Drinker Prototype Alteration and Cue Reminders as Strategies in a Tailored Web-Based Intervention Reducing Adults’ Alcohol Consumption: Randomized Controlled Trial

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