The Relationship between Serum Zonulin Level and Clinical and Laboratory Parameters of Childhood Obesity

Küme, Tuncay; Acar, Sezer; Tuhan, Hale; Çatlı, Gönül; Anık, Ahmet; Çalan, Özlem Gürsoy; Böber, Ece; Abacı, Ayhan

doi:10.4274/jcrpe.3682

Cited by 42 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…However, circulating zonulin was below the limit of detection (8.6 ng/mL). This observation may be associated with high variability of zonulin concentration which at least partially may be modulated by inflammation or obesity . In this study, there was no association between claudin‐3 and BMI in patients as well as control group.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

Claudin‐3 – a new intestinal integrity marker in patients with psoriasis: association with disease severity

Sikora

Chrabąszcz

Waśkiel‐Burnat

et al. 2019

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Background Gut dysbiosis and increased intestinal permeability play a significant role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and its comorbidities. Claudin-3 is a key component of tight junctions, which may serve as marker of gut barrier integrity.Objectives The aim of the study was to investigate circulating plasma claudin-3 in patients with psoriasis and to evaluate clinical and metabolic factors, which determine its concentration.Methods This cross-sectional study included 60 patients with psoriasis (39 men and 21 women, mean age: 45.6 AE 12.1 years) and 30 healthy controls (18 men and 12 women, mean age: 46.3 AE 15.5 years) age, sex and body mass index-matched. Plasma claudin-3 concentration was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Plasma claudin-3 concentration was significantly higher in patients with psoriasis in comparison with healthy control [median (interquartile range), 50.7 ng/mL (47.3-54.2) vs. 43.3 ng/mL (42.3-44.2), P < 0.001]. Patients who achieved DPASI90 response after 16 weeks of treatment showed tendency to decrease in circulating claudin-3 plasma concentration. Positive correlations between claudin-3 concentration and the PASI score (r = 0.828; P < 0.001) as well as claudin-3 and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (r = 0.847; P < 0.001) were found. A multivariable linear regression analysis confirmed association of claudin-3 with the PASI score (P < 0.001), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (P < 0.01) and active smoking (P < 0.05).Conclusion Claudin-3, a biomarker for gut permeability, is increased in psoriasis and correlates with disease severity and smoking. Further investigations are needed to determine whether reinforcing intestinal barrier may be a new therapeutic target in psoriasis.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

Claudin‐3 – a new intestinal integrity marker in patients with psoriasis: association with disease severity

Sikora

Chrabąszcz

Waśkiel‐Burnat

et al. 2019

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…Obesity and its complications, including high cholesterol, type 2 diabetes (T2D), coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, and stroke, have been shown to be associated with chronic inflammation 106-108 and frequently linked to alteration of the zonulin pathway, and more than 30 articles have been published on this topic. Several of these studies have shown elevated serum zonulin levels increased in obese versus non-obese subjects [79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86] , and there is evidence of a correlation between total bacteria and serum zonulin levels, suggesting that the gut microbiota may cause increased zonulin levels, and subsequent abnormal gut permeability to endotoxin and ultimately micro-inflammation has been reported in obesity 106 . A recent report also showed that zonulin serum correlates with total calorie, protein, carbohydrate, sodium, and vitamin B 12 intake in obese women, and Ruminococcaceae and Faecalibacterium were more abundant in the low-zonulin group, suggesting that butyrate-producing gut bacteria such as Faecalibacteria could decrease gut permeability by decreasing zonulin levels and lower inflammation 87 .…”

Section: Metabolic Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

All disease begins in the (leaky) gut: role of zonulin-mediated gut permeability in the pathogenesis of some chronic inflammatory diseases

2020

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Improved hygiene leading to reduced exposure to microorganisms has been implicated as one possible cause for the recent “epidemic” of chronic inflammatory diseases (CIDs) in industrialized countries. That is the essence of the hygiene hypothesis that argues that rising incidence of CIDs may be, at least in part, the result of lifestyle and environmental changes that have made us too “clean” for our own good, so causing changes in our microbiota. Apart from genetic makeup and exposure to environmental triggers, inappropriate increase in intestinal permeability (which may be influenced by the composition of the gut microbiota), a “hyper-belligerent” immune system responsible for the tolerance–immune response balance, and the composition of gut microbiome and its epigenetic influence on the host genomic expression have been identified as three additional elements in causing CIDs. During the past decade, a growing number of publications have focused on human genetics, the gut microbiome, and proteomics, suggesting that loss of mucosal barrier function, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract, may substantially affect antigen trafficking, ultimately influencing the close bidirectional interaction between gut microbiome and our immune system. This cross-talk is highly influential in shaping the host gut immune system function and ultimately shifting genetic predisposition to clinical outcome. This observation led to a re-visitation of the possible causes of CIDs epidemics, suggesting a key pathogenic role of gut permeability. Pre-clinical and clinical studies have shown that the zonulin family, a group of proteins modulating gut permeability, is implicated in a variety of CIDs, including autoimmune, infective, metabolic, and tumoral diseases. These data offer novel therapeutic targets for a variety of CIDs in which the zonulin pathway is implicated in their pathogenesis.

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“…Increased serum/plasma zonulin levels have been described in celiac disease [3] , type 1 and 2 diabetes [4] , [5] or in obesity-associated insulin resistance [6] , [7] ; and circulating plasma zonulin has been suggested as a potential marker of intestinal permeability [8] , [9] , [10] . However, there is insufficient information about zonulin's participation in some important states of intestinal inflammation (e.g., inflammatory bowel diseases, IBD), and there is ambiguous information about serum and fecal zonulin in IBD [11] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal zonulin is elevated in Crohn’s disease and in cigarette smokers

Malíčková

Francová

Lukáš

et al. 2017

Practical Laboratory Medicine

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ObjectivesHuman zonulin is a protein that increases permeability in the epithelial layer of the small intestine by reversibly modulating the intercellular tight junctions. There is not sufficient information available about zonulin's participation in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The aim of this study was therefore to investigate fecal and serum zonulin in IBD patients and its relation to the disease localization, behavior and smoking status.Design and methodsForty IBD patients and forty healthy persons were examined for fecal and serum zonulin concentrations by competitive ELISA (DRG International Inc). Values were correlated to IBD type, localization and behavior, and smoking.ResultsSerum and fecal zonulin were significantly higher in patients with Crohn’s disease compared to ulcerative colitis (p = 0.038 for fecal zonulin, and p = 0.041 for serum zonulin concentrations). No association of serum or fecal zonulin was found with respect to IBD localization and behavior. The only difference was found with respect to smoking. Both the IBD cohort and healthy smokers showed significantly higher fecal zonulin levels (median 203 ng/mL) compared to non-smokers (median 35.8 ng/mL), p < 0.001.ConclusionsFecal and serum zonulin levels are elevated in patients with active Crohn’s disease but not with ulcerative colitis. High fecal zonulin levels in smokers irrespective of IBD point to the significant and undesirable up-regulation of gut permeability in cigarette smokers.

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The Relationship between Serum Zonulin Level and Clinical and Laboratory Parameters of Childhood Obesity

Cited by 42 publications

References 32 publications

Claudin‐3 – a new intestinal integrity marker in patients with psoriasis: association with disease severity

Claudin‐3 – a new intestinal integrity marker in patients with psoriasis: association with disease severity

All disease begins in the (leaky) gut: role of zonulin-mediated gut permeability in the pathogenesis of some chronic inflammatory diseases

Fecal zonulin is elevated in Crohn’s disease and in cigarette smokers

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