The Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Quality of Life Among Elderly People

Abstract

Objectives Self-Efficacy is an important variable in the field of elderly, to which little attention has been paid. Quality of Life (QoL) is also one of the most important factors of human development. This study aimed to determine and investigate the relationship between self-efficacy and QoL among elders residing in Tehran nursing homes in 2015.Methods & Materials In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study, the statistical population comprised the residents of nursing homes, especially catering to the elderly, in Tehran. The sample size was 210 individuals, who were selected based on the research criteria. For the elderly people residing in elderly care centers, quota random sampling was performed, and random sampling in each nursing home was made proportionate to the number of elderly residents therein. General self-efficacy scale (GSE-10), elderly quality of life questionnaire (LIPAD), and demographic questionnaire were utilized to collect data. The tools were investigated in terms of reliability. The elderly residents' average (SD) age was 78.66 (11.78) years. After sampling and gathering the questionnaires, the collected data were entered into SPSS Version18, and analyzed with descriptive indexes and analytic tests, including frequency, mean, standard deviation, Chi-square test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, ANOVA, and independent t test. Results The findings showed that the mean (SD) score of self-efficacy among the elder residents of Tehran nursing homes was 17.68 (4.00), and the mean (SD) score of QoL was 27.88 (9.80). There is no significant correlation between self-efficacy and demographic characteristics such as age, sex, or marital status, but there was a significant correlation between the education level (P=0.042) and self-efficacy. There also happened to be a significant correlation between QoL, and age (P=0.047) and education level (P=0.038). Again, there was no significant correlation between QoL, and sex and marital status. In this particular research, the confidence level was considered as 95%. Conclusion According to the results of the study, self-efficacy of residential elderlies and their quality of life was low. Increase in self-efficacy among the elderly residents of the nursing homes led to a rise in their QoL.

Relationship between electronic health literacy, quality of life, and self-efficacy in Tehran, Iran: A community-based study

“…The correlation between QoL and self-efficacy was positive and significant. The results of the study by Peters et al ., as well as Shaabani et al ., are consistent with the results of this study,[ 30 31 ] which conclude that the self-efficacy status and QoL of people can be improved in different dimensions by developing strategies and programs. In Iran, access to online health information is not readily comprehensible and easy for audiences, while this aspect of health information is emphasized in other countries, and some health associations and organizations such as the Medical Library Association and British Medical Association (BMA) have introduced reputable and high-quality health websites.…”

Social Capital and Its Predictive Role in Quality of Life among the Elderly Referring to Health Centers in Tabriz, Iran: A Community- Based Study

“…The current study revealed a relation between education and QOL of elderly people, which had also been reported in studies by Luthy et al, 43 Shaabani et al, 44 Lee et al, 45 Ganesh Kumar et al, 37 and Hongthia et al 46 Education enhances self-confidence and knowledge about health, which contributes to more mental and physical health and better QOL.…”

Place of Residence and Marital Status as Variables Differentiating a Sense of Self-Efficacy in the Elderly—A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Survey

“…The studies assumed that there was a direct cause and effect relationship between the psychological mechanism of a sense of self-efficacy and behavior. It was recognized that understanding a sense of self-efficacy in elderly people can contribute to a better understanding of their capabilities, limitations and needs [ 6 ]. Numerous studies having been conducted in recent years among students at the University of the Third Age (UTA) confirm that, compared to their peers who do not show such activity, active UTA students have a higher level of confidence related to the chances of achieving their goals.…”

“…It is currently included in personal resources, which are available to every human being to a higher or lower degree. A sense of self-efficacy allows one to anticipate intentions and actions in various areas of activity—including health behaviors—as it becomes an implication of currently undertaken actions and the intention to engage in health activities [ 6 , 7 ].…”

“…Research with other sociodemographic variables such as age, sex, social status, the number of inhabitants in a household has been conducted both in Poland and abroad. Nonetheless, these need to be supplemented and updated with research involving other sociodemographic variables [ 6 , 7 , 12 , 13 ].…”