The Relationship Between Mental Preparation Strategies and Motor Performance: A Review and Critique

Weinberg, Robert S.

doi:10.1080/00336297.1981.10483754

Cited by 69 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Since recently researchers have begun to study the effect of MI on motor performance, we aimed to investigate the missing link between mental preparation and MI. In accordance with previous studies (Weinberg, 1981), our results suggested that the neural processes underlying this preparatory activation and the resulting performance, i.e. motor or imagery performance, can be separated using fNIRS.…”

Section: Relevance For Neurorehabilitative Applicationssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…The degree of effectiveness of mental preparation is dependent on a number of variables, such as conceptualizing ability, previous experience, task type, and length of practice session (Weinberg, 1981). Since recently researchers have begun to study the effect of MI on motor performance, we aimed to investigate the missing link between mental preparation and MI.…”

Section: Relevance For Neurorehabilitative Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Extension of mental preparation positively affects motor imagery as compared to motor execution: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study

Holper

Scholkmann

Shalóm

et al. 2012

Cortex

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Motor imagery (MI) is widely used to study cognitive action control. Although, the neural simulation theory assumes that MI and motor execution (ME) share many common features, the extent of similarity and whether it spreads into the preparation phase is still under investigation. Here we asked, whether an extension of physiological mental preparation has a comparable effect on MI and ME. Data were recorded using wireless functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in a two-stage task design where subjects were cued with or without preparatory stimuli to either execute or imagine complex sequential thumb-finger tasks. The main finding is that the extended mental preparation has a significant positive effect on oxy-hemoglobin (∆[O(2)Hb]) in response to MI, which is proportionally larger as that found in response to ME. Furthermore, fNIRS was capable to discriminate within each task whether it was preceded by preparatory stimuli or not. Transition from mental preparation to actual performance (ME or MI) was reflected by a dip of the fNIRS signal presumably related to underlying cortical processes changing between preparation and task performance. Statistically significant main effects of 'Preparation' and 'Task' showed that ∆[O(2)Hb] during preparation was preparation-specific, i.e., positively affected by the presence of preparatory stimuli, whereas during task performance ∆[O(2)Hb] was both preparation-and task-specific, i.e., additionally affected by the task mode. These results are particularly appealing from a practical point of view for making use of MI in neuroscientific applications. Especially neurorehabilitation and neural interfaces may benefit from utilizing positive interactions between mental preparation and MI performance.Extension of mental preparation positively affects motor imagery as compared to motor execution: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy AbstractMotor imagery (MI) is widely used to study cognitive action control. Although, the neural simulation theory assumes that MI and motor execution (ME) share many common features, the extent of similarity and whether it spreads into the preparation phase is still under investigation. Here we asked, whether an extension of physiological mental preparation has a comparable effect on MI and ME.Data were recorded using wireless functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in a two-stage task design where subjects were cued with or without preparatory stimuli to either execute or imagine complex sequential thumb-finger tasks.The main finding is that the extended mental preparation has a significant positive effect on oxy-Hb]) in response to MI, which is proportionally larger as that found in response to ME. Furthermore, fNIRS was capable to discriminate within each task whether it was preceded by preparatory stimuli or not. Transition from mental preparation to actual performance (ME or MI) was reflected by a dip of the fNIRS signal presumably related to underlying cortical processes changing between preparation and task performance. S...

show abstract

Section: Relevance For Neurorehabilitative Applicationssupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Relevance For Neurorehabilitative Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extension of mental preparation positively affects motor imagery as compared to motor execution: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study

Holper

Scholkmann

Shalóm

et al. 2012

Cortex

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, it was expected that the effects of PU strategies on the actual performance decrease over time. Becaus AU11 e of imagery strategy, was found to increase physical performance in many studies (8,12,16,19,24,37,39,43), a within-participant design protocol was used to examine the moderating effect of time interval on the relationship between imagery psych-up and sprint performance.…”

Section: Au10mentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Interval Moderates the Relationship Between Psyching-up and Actual Sprint Performance

Hammoudi-Nassib

Chtara

Nassib

et al. 2014

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hammoudi-Nassib, S, Chtara, M, Nassib, S, Briki, W, Hammoudi-Riahi, S, Tod, D, and Chamari, K. Time interval moderates the relationship between psyching-up and actual sprint performance. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2014-This study attempted to test whether the strongest effect of psyching-up (PU) strategy on actual sprint performance can be observed when the strategy is used immediately (or almost) before performance compared with when there is a delay between PU and performance. To do so, 16 male sprinters (age, 20.6 6 1.3 years; body mass, 77.5 6 7.1 kg; height, 180.8 6 5.6 cm) were enrolled in a counterbalanced experimental design in which participants were randomly assigned to 10 sessions (2 [Experimental Condition: imagery vs. distraction] 3 5 [Time Intervals: no interval, 1 minute, 2 minutes, 3 minutes, and 5 minutes]). Before performing the experimental tasks, participants rated: (a) the Hooper index, (b) their degree of self-confidence, and (c) after the completion of the experimental test; they rated their perceived effort. Findings showed that the imagery significantly improved sprint performance. Specifically, the imagery enhanced performance on the phase of acceleration (0-10 m) and on the overall sprint (0-30 m) when used immediately before performance and at 1-and 2-minute intervals but not for 3-and 5-minute intervals. These findings support the hypothesis that the potential effect of the PU strategy on performance vanishes over time. The preexperimental task Hooper and self-efficacy indexes did not change across the 10 experimental sessions, reinforcing the view that the observed performance changes were directly caused by the experimental manipulation and not through any altered status of the athletes (self-efficacy, fatigue/recovery, and stress). The potential mechanisms underlying such a process and practical applications are discussed.

show abstract

“…He warned against requiring the learner to think along as the instructor reads the description because such passive learning does not allow the learner to concentrate on particular aspects of the performance. In a similar vein, Weinberg (1982) found that the greatest performance gains occur when subjects get a clear, vivid, and controllable image of actually performing the task themselves. Weinberg also concluded that the effects of mental rehearsal can be enhanced by the incorporation of systematic relaxation techniques, which theoretically reduce performance stress and increase imagery.…”

Section: Research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Reviews of the mental practice research literature (e.g., Richardson [1967]; Corbin [1972]; Weinberg [1982]; and Feltz, Landers, and Becker [1988]) have identified some key factors that control mental practice effectiveness and potentially impact its application to tank gunnery. Specific factors and their implications for the present research are discussed in the following paragraphs.…”

Section: Research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Mental Practice on Tank Gunnery Performance

Morrison¹,

Walker²

1990

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Relationship Between Mental Preparation Strategies and Motor Performance: A Review and Critique

Cited by 69 publications

References 33 publications

Extension of mental preparation positively affects motor imagery as compared to motor execution: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study

Extension of mental preparation positively affects motor imagery as compared to motor execution: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study

Time Interval Moderates the Relationship Between Psyching-up and Actual Sprint Performance

Effects of Mental Practice on Tank Gunnery Performance

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About