“…Factors that might influence the construct equivalence of the JDS include cultural values, attitudes (Katz & Hass, 1988;Rokeach, 1973;Hofstede, 1980;Smircish, 1983;Goddard, 1997;Fisher, 1995) and leadership styles (Evans, Hau & Sculli, 1989;Haire, Ghiselli & Porter, 1966;Triandis, Brislin & Hui, 1988;Sergiovanni, 1989;Negandhi & Reimann, 1972;Kouzes & Posner, 1987;England & Lee, 1974) that manifest in the workplace. Cultural values, attitudes and leadership style could have an influence on the manner in which JDS items are interpreted and understood, the appropriateness of JDS content, the relevance of particular behaviour and the coverage of the construct in terms of domain sampling.…”