The relationship between managerial ownership and firm performance in high R&D firms

House Price, Ownership Type and Firm Innovation

“…Cui & Mak (2002) use the R&D intensity (annual R & D expenditure/annual sales) as the measure to conduct the research, and found that the drugs and biotechnology products, computer and office equipment, communications equipment, electronics, measurement and lab analysis instruments, medical apparatus, programming and software and so on, belong to the hightech industries [30]. And compared to the China Securities Regulatory Commission which was issued in 2011, "listed companies' industry classification guidelines", and the paper choose the manufacturing and information technology industry companies as the research sample, and use the R&D investment intensity to measure the firm innovation, and then study the relationship between the house price and the firm innovation of the 35 large and medium cities in China.…”

Managerial Ownership, Board of Directors, Equity-based Compensation and Firm Performance: A Comparative Study between France and the United States

“…At the empirical study, the results are mitigated, but they converge on the finding of a non-linear relationship between two variables such as inverted U-shaped as the work of (McConnell and Servaes (1990), Hu and Zhou (2008) and Chen et al (2012)) or cubic type (N Form) such as studies by (Short and Keasey (1999), Ruan et al (2011) and Cheng et al (2012)) or quadratic relation as the study of (Cui and Mak (2002) and McConnell and Servaes (1990)) or quantum relation such as the study of (Davies et al(2005), .…”

How Can We Increase Shareholder' Wealth? An Empirical Validation from European Countries

“…Firm size: similar to Cui and Mak, (2002), Connolly and Hirschey (2005), Rountree et al (2008), Cheng (2008), Levitas and Chi (2010) and Miller (2004), we estimate firm size by the logarithm of total assets. Agrawal Knoeber (1996) suggest for a negative interdependence between firm size and firm value.…”