The relationship between histological differentiation and disease recurrence of primary oral squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

Background:Although advance techniques were available for diagnosis and prognosis of oral cancer, histopathology was used as major method in clinical routine. Of all oral subsites, buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma is aggressive in nature with poor survival. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the relation of tumor histopathological grade with disease recurrence of buccal squamous cell mucosa carcinoma.Materials and Methods:A retrospective study was carried out in regional cancer research institute, Tamil Nadu. Demographic, histopathological and participant's follow-up details were collected from medical records.Results:Of 198 participants, high frequently encountered with well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (n = 98, 49.5%). The clinical characteristics of lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.031), perineural invasion (P = 0.019), tumor stage (P = 0.004), tumor depth (P = 0.048), lymph node (P = 0.02) and metastasis (P = 0.043) had significant association with histopathological grade. In addition, the treatment strategies (P = 0.014) also showed significance at P < 0.05. Further, multivariate revealed cell differentiation (P = 0.048), tumor size (P = 0.037) and depth (P = 0.021) as independent hazard risk of the development of disease using recurrence-free survival of participants at P < 0.05. Of 198 participants, 24 (12.1%) recurrences reported during 34-month follow-up period and the overall estimated recurrence-free survival was 52%. The high frequency of recurrence, 12 (50%), was identified with moderately differentiated tumor cells. However, poorly differentiated tumor showed significantly lower survival (28%) than moderate (54%) and well differentiated (81%) by Kaplan–Meier analysis using log-rank test (P = 0.004, P < 0.05).Conclusions:The present study concludes high frequency of recurrence observed in moderately differentiated and also revealed lower survival in poorly differentiated tumor. Hence, further treatment plans should focus on moderate and poorly differentiated tumors to improve survival outcome.

Comprehensive genomic profile of cholangiocarcinomas in China

“…The mutations of KMT2D and TERT have been reported to be associated with prognosis in different tumors (57)(58)(59). Histopathological grade is considered to be associated with the clinical characteristics of lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, tumor differentiation, lymph node and metastasis, as well as the prediction of prognosis (60,61). In the present study, the mutations of STK11, GNAS, KMT2D, MAGI2 and TERT were mainly detected in poorly differentiated CCA, indicating that these genes might be potential biomarkers to predict the differentiation of CCA tumors.…”

Impact of lymphovascular invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A meta-analysis

“…There were 26 studies originated from Asian countries (China, India, Korea, Japan, and Pakistan), and the remaining ten studies were from non-Asian countries (USA, Europe, Australia, Italy and Brazil). Among them, ten studies included oral tongue SCC [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] , and the other two studies were focused on floor of mouth cancer 7 and buccal mucosa SCC 25 , respectively. The tumor site of OSCC was mixed in the other 24 studies .…”

“…OS, DSS, DFS were the identified endpoints. Among them, 11 studies including 12783 patients reported the OS 7,17,20,22,26,30,31,37,38,41,46 (Figure 3A), seven studies involving 3470 patients reported the DSS 24, 32, 37-39, 46, 47 (Figure 3B), and the other three researches with 731 follow-ups reported the DFS 25,30,43 ( Figure 3C). Among studies focused on OS, Wei study (2019) 46 from Group DSS was excluded on account of overlapping with the patient pool of Chen study (2014) 31 .…”

Differentially expressed full-length, fusion and novel isoforms transcripts-based signature of well-differentiated keratinized oral squamous cell carcinoma

“…Keratins (KRTs) are important differentiation markers both in normal, keratinized and neoplastic oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). So, the WHO has categorized OSCC into four grades: Grade I (well-differentiated; > 50% cellular keratinizaion-K4), Grade II (moderately differentiated; 20-50% keratinization-K3), Grade III (poorly differentiated; 5-20% keratinization-K2) and Grade IV (undifferentiated; 0-5% keratinization-K0-K1) [1].…”

“…These approaches are unable to provide full-length (FL) transcript sequences, which required to identifying novel tumor-specific isoforms and fusion genes. Various studies have been reported the involvement of tumor-specific isoforms and fusion gens in pathogenesis and progression of cancer [ 1 , 9 – 12 ]. Furthermore, studies suggest that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) may be a promising target for therapy of OSCC and EGFR overexpression is associated with worse prognosis of the disease [ 13 , 14 ].…”