“…For example, as reported by Robinson and Song (1992), Trakas and Kortschot (1997), Tao and Sun (1998) and by Lachaud et al (1999), the value of G Ic of carbon/epoxy composites can vary by up to 40% depending on the ply orientations of the fracture interface (e.g. : 0°/0°, 45°/45°, 90°/90°, 0°/90°).…”
Section: Critical Strain Energy Release Ratesmentioning
A method has been developed to predict the effect of delaminations in a postbuckling stiffened structure manufactured from laminated composite materials. The emphasis of the technique, driven by aircraft certi®-cation requirements, was towards establishing whether delamination growth would initiate under given loading conditions. A geometric nonlinear ®nite element analysis was used to calculate the strain energy release rate around the circumference of a circular delamination using the virtual crack closure technique. In order to deal with the complex structural response in a computationally ef®cient manner, the structure was modelled using plate elements with two layers of plate elements used in the delaminated region. The effect of delamination size on the strength of postbuckling panels was shown to be a complex phenomenon in which trends were dif®cult to predict. Large delaminations could signi®cantly affect the global and sublaminate buckling modes and therefore be less critical than smaller delaminations. It was concluded that the method could accurately predict the load and location at which delamination growth would initiate, given suitable critical strain energy release rate data.
“…For example, as reported by Robinson and Song (1992), Trakas and Kortschot (1997), Tao and Sun (1998) and by Lachaud et al (1999), the value of G Ic of carbon/epoxy composites can vary by up to 40% depending on the ply orientations of the fracture interface (e.g. : 0°/0°, 45°/45°, 90°/90°, 0°/90°).…”
Section: Critical Strain Energy Release Ratesmentioning
A method has been developed to predict the effect of delaminations in a postbuckling stiffened structure manufactured from laminated composite materials. The emphasis of the technique, driven by aircraft certi®-cation requirements, was towards establishing whether delamination growth would initiate under given loading conditions. A geometric nonlinear ®nite element analysis was used to calculate the strain energy release rate around the circumference of a circular delamination using the virtual crack closure technique. In order to deal with the complex structural response in a computationally ef®cient manner, the structure was modelled using plate elements with two layers of plate elements used in the delaminated region. The effect of delamination size on the strength of postbuckling panels was shown to be a complex phenomenon in which trends were dif®cult to predict. Large delaminations could signi®cantly affect the global and sublaminate buckling modes and therefore be less critical than smaller delaminations. It was concluded that the method could accurately predict the load and location at which delamination growth would initiate, given suitable critical strain energy release rate data.
“…3 there are two different distances, s 1 and s 2 , that determine the loads of the specimen. An important feature of the rig provided in [3,7] is that the external load of the upper and lower grips transferred by roller C should lie in the same y position in order to ensure the moment equilibrium. In our equipment this requirement is eliminated due to the very stiff load transferring plates.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The two rigs transfer a scissoring load to the specimen. Compared to the rig used in [3,7] substantial modifications were made. The surface of the rigs was grooved and two steel rollers were inserted, holding the specimen in a given sideways (y) position (see Fig.…”
Section: Modification Of the Original Mscb Configurationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, this way the beam theory cannot be applied in a simple way to reduce the experimental data. Robinson and Song [6] proposed the loading scheme necessary to reduce the mode-II component; while implementing their idea, Sharif et al [3] and Trakas and Kortschot [7] constructed a special rig realizing a mode-III dominant fracture. The method was applied recently by Rizov et al [8] to test glass fiber-reinforced woven laminates including finite element analysis and experiments.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The aim of the present work is to improve the efficiency of the MSCB specimen, to provide an accurate closed-form solution for the compliance and the energy release rate [3,7] and to demonstrate its applicability for the reduction of experimental data. The MSCB specimen maintains the traditional beam-like geometry.…”
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.