The relationship between coal petrography and depositional environments from selected coal basins in Canada

Paleobotanical and paleoecological constraints on models of peat formation in the Late Carboniferous of Euramerica

“…The second is the neutral use of petrographic data in conjunction with analyses of microfossils (and occasionally macrofossils), ash yield, and mineralogy of coal to develop an integrated picture of trends and parallel patterns in the independent sets of data (e.g.. Smith, 1962;Grady and Eble, 1990). The third is the use of petrographic data alone, usually through the construction of complex indices based on maceral ratios (e.g., Diessel, 1986;Kalkreuth et al, 1991), to infer characteristics of the parental vegetation and mire hydrologic conditions. The first two of these approaches we find promising, empirically based means to estimate mire vegetation and/or environmental conditions.…”

“…Inertinite in general, and fusinite in particular, have been treated as important indicators of "dry" conditions within mires in some petrographically based reconstructions of environments (Hacquebard and Donaldson, 1969;Gelification Index of Diessel, 1982Harvey and Dillon, 1985;Grady and Eble, 1990;Eble and Grady, 1990;Lamberson et al, 1991;Kalkreuth et al, 1991 but not by Calder et al, 1991or Calder, 1993. For fusinite, this inference appears to be based on the assumption that burning is likely to be more frequent in parts of mires with exposed, even if wet, substrates.…”

Petrographic characteristics and paleoenvironmental history of Eocene lignites of Cambay basin, Western India

“…Several researchers have objected the usage of such indices for Tertiary or low T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 T9 T10 TL1 TL2 TL3 TL4 TL5 TL6 (Bechtel et al 2002(Bechtel et al , 2003(Bechtel et al , 2007a(Bechtel et al , b, 2008Mayr et al 2009;Savard et al 2012;Singh et al 2012c) for the reconstruction of paleoenvironment. Kalkreuth et al (1991), Petersen (1993), andFlores (2002) further modified these indices to make them useful for the low rank coals too. In the present investigation, the indices have been taken from Flores (2002) which is a modified version of Kalkreuth et al (1991), for brown coals.…”

“…Kalkreuth et al (1991), Petersen (1993), andFlores (2002) further modified these indices to make them useful for the low rank coals too. In the present investigation, the indices have been taken from Flores (2002) which is a modified version of Kalkreuth et al (1991), for brown coals.…”

“…The methodology given by Taylor et al (1998) was adopted; huminite macerals were termed and described as per ICCP-1994(Sýkorová et al 2005, liptinite macerals have been identified as per ICCP system-1994 (Pickel et al 2017) while ICCP (2001 was followed for the nomenclature of inertinite macerals. In the present study, the indices, gelification index (GI) and tissue preservation index (TPI), have been taken from Flores (2002) which is a modified version of Kalkreuth et al (1991), for brown coals and the calculations are as per the following formulae:…”