The relationship between childhood sexual abuse and subsequent onset of bulimia nervosa

Miller, Debra A.; McCluskey-Fawcett, Kathleen; Irving, Lori M.

doi:10.1016/0145-2134(93)90050-f

Cited by 56 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This observed relationship between dissociative disorders and trauma has now been documented in a large number of empirical studies, using a variety of measurement instruments (e.g. DiTomasso and Routh, 1993;Chu and Dill, 1990;Sanders and Giolas, 1991;Miller et al, 1993;van der Kolk et al, 1991;Putnam and Trickett, 1997). Many have suggested that dissociation is a defense against the painful aect of traumatic experiences.…”

mentioning

confidence: 89%

Cognitive environments and dissociative tendencies: performance on the standard Stroop task for high versus low dissociators

Freyd

Martorello

Alvarado

et al. 1998

Appl. Cognit. Psychol.

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Dissociative experiences are characterized by a disruption in integration of consciousness, attention, and/or memory. Most individuals have some dissociative experiences (such as ‘highway hypnosis’), but some individuals have remarkably frequent and intense dissociative experiences (as in the case of Dissociative Identity Disorder (formerly known as Multiple Personality Disorder)). We hypothesized that individual differences in dissociative experiences may have an attentional basis and/or effect on attentional mechanisms. We report on a study in which we selected high and low dissociators, as measured by the Dissociative Experiences Scale (Bernstein and Putnam, 1986) and we evaluated each group's performance on a basic Stroop interference task with incongruent colour terms and control stimuli. We found that the high dissociators showed greater Stroop interference than did the low dissociators. We discuss our current theoretical understanding of this relationship in which we speculate that a history of trauma is an important causal factor in both high levels of dissociative experiences and changes in basic attentional strategies and mechanisms. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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mentioning

confidence: 89%

Cognitive environments and dissociative tendencies: performance on the standard Stroop task for high versus low dissociators

Freyd

Martorello

Alvarado

et al. 1998

Appl. Cognit. Psychol.

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“…PreIiminary studies suggest that dissociation may act as a mediating factor between Sexual Abuse 5 early abuse and bulimic symptomatology (McCarthy, Goff, Baer, Cioffi, & Herzog, 1994;Miller, McCluskey-Fawcett, & Irving, 1993;Vanderlinden, Vandereycken, van Dyck, & Vertommen, 1993). Relationships between dissociation and other impulsive, selfdestructive behaviors are also beginning to be reported (Demitrack et al, 1990;van der Kolk, Perry, & Herman, 1991).…”

Section: Dissociationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reported sexual abuse and eating psychopathology: A review of the evidence for a causal link

Everill

Waller

1995

Int. J. Eat. Disord.

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It has been claimed that there is no specific link between a reported history of sexual abuse and the eating disorders. In particular, studies and reviews investigating the relationship between reported sexual abuse and the eating disorders have concluded that the prevalence rate of abuse among eating‐disordered women is similar to the rates found in other psychiatric groups and in the general population. However, it is argued in this review that such a conclusion is based on an inappropriate level of analysis of the phenomena of sexual abuse and diagnosable eating disorders. When these two relatively blunt constructs are considered in finer detail, there appears to be a complex link between the nature of sexual abuse and specific bulimic symptomatology. This relationship is discussed with particular reference to important mediating factors (including dissociation, self‐denigration, borderline personality disorder, and disclosure experiences), the functions of the bulimic behaviors, and the particular cognitive schemata that the victims of abuse may develop. The clinical implications of this relationship are considered, and suggestions are made for further research. © 1995 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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“…When all the research findings concerning the co-occurrence of sexual trauma and eating disorder are considered together, an overwhelming majority of researchers interpreted their results as demonstrating that while sexual trauma may not be a sole causal factor for eating disorders, it appears to be a risk factor (Beckman & Burns, 1990;Bulik, Sullivan & Rorty, 1989;Calam & Slade, 1989;Goldfarb, 1987;Garfinkel et al, 1995;Hall, Tice, Beresford, Wooley, & Klassen, 1989;Hastings & Kern, 1994;McClelland, MynorsWallis, Fahy, & Treasure, 1991;Miller, McCluskey-Fawcett, & Irving, 1993;Oppenheimer, Howells, Palmer, & Chaloner, 1985;Palmer, Oppenheimer, Dignon, Chaloner, & Howells, 1990;Palmer & Oppenheimer, 1992;Root & Fallon, 1988;Sloan & Leichner, 1986;Steiger & Zanko, 1990;Waller, 1991;Wonderlich, Wilsnack, & Wilsnack, 1995). Furthermore, the topic of sexual trauma among eating-disordered individuals remains a central focus of many research investigations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

The National Women's Study: Relationship of victimization and posttraumatic stress disorder to bulimia nervosa

Dansky

Brewerton

Kilpatrick

et al. 1997

Int. J. Eat. Disord.

249

116

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The relationship between childhood sexual abuse and subsequent onset of bulimia nervosa

Cited by 56 publications

References 34 publications

Cognitive environments and dissociative tendencies: performance on the standard Stroop task for high versus low dissociators

Cognitive environments and dissociative tendencies: performance on the standard Stroop task for high versus low dissociators

Reported sexual abuse and eating psychopathology: A review of the evidence for a causal link

The National Women's Study: Relationship of victimization and posttraumatic stress disorder to bulimia nervosa

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