The Relationship Between AST/ALT Ratio and Metabolic Syndrome in Han Young Adults - AST/ALT Ratio and Metabolic Syndrome

Lü, Qiang; Liu, Xiaoli; Liu, Shuhua; Xie, Changshun; Liu, Yali; Ma, Chunxiao

doi:10.5772/31633

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The other reason was the inclusion of energy intake in the previous study [8], but not in the present analysis. In this present study, eating quickly was also associated with a low AST/ALT ratio, which has been reported to be indicative of NASH [3,15]. Therefore, modification of eating speed may decrease the risk for an elevated ALT and a low AST/ALT ratio and prevent NAFLD/NASH.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Eating quickly is associated with a low aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio in middle-aged adults: a large-scale cross-sectional survey in Japan

et al. 2020

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Background An elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and a low aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to ALT ratio (AST/ALT ratio) suggest nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, increasing the risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In addition, eating quickly has been found to be associated with outcomes such as obesity. This study sought to investigate the relationship between eating quickly and an elevated ALT or a low AST/ALT ratio in Japanese middle-aged adults. Methods The present study included 283,073 adults aged 40–64 years who had annual health checkups in Japan from April 2013 to March 2014. The data of serum parameters and lifestyle factors, including eating speed, were analyzed. An elevated ALT was defined as > 40 U/L, and a low AST/ALT ratio was defined as < 1. Logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for an elevated ALT and a low AST/ALT ratio. Results Significantly increased ORs for an elevated ALT were observed in men (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.41–1.49) and women (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.25–1.43). Moreover, eating quickly significantly increased the ORs for a low AST/ALT ratio in men (OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.50–1.56) and women (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.31–1.41). When the analysis was limited to those with ALT ≤40 U/L, eating quickly had significantly increased ORs for a low AST/ ALT ratio, regardless of sex. Conclusions Eating quickly was significantly associated with an elevated ALT and a low AST/ALT ratio. In addition, eating quickly was significantly associated with a low AST/ALT ratio even for those without ALT elevation. This study suggested that modification of eating speed may contribute to reducing the risk for an elevated ALT and a low AST/ALT ratio.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Eating quickly is associated with a low aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio in middle-aged adults: a large-scale cross-sectional survey in Japan

et al. 2020

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“…We obtained the same results using the two different definitions of high cardiometabolic risk. Lu et al (35) showed that Han young adults with AST/ALT <1 had a higher frequency of abdominal obesity, high TGs, elevated blood pressure and metabolic syndrome. In a previous report (30), the authors suggested that the ratio between the two enzymes may be a more integrated explanation than single measures such as ALT to evaluate the association between liver enzymes and cardiometabolic risk.…”

Section: Liver Enzymes and Clustering Of Cardiometabolic Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver enzymes and clustering cardiometabolic risk factors in European adolescents: the HELENA study

et al. 2014

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Higher GGT and lower AST/ALT are associated with higher cardiometabolic risk factors and their clustering in male and female European adolescents, whereas the associations of ALT were gender dependent. Our results suggest the usefulness of AST/ALT as a screening test in the assessment of adolescents with high cardiometabolic risk and provide gender- and age-specific thresholds that might be of clinical interest.

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“…Of note is that whereas an AST/ALT level <1 is indicative of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, a ratio of ≥2 is associated with alcoholic liver disease (14). Lu et al (15) showed that Han young adults with AST/ALT <1 had a higher frequency of abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, elevated blood pressure, and metabolic syndrome. More recently, a longitudinal study in young adults showed that both ALT and GGT levels predicted 16-y incidence of type 2 diabetes (16).…”

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confidence: 99%

Physical activity, sedentary time, and liver enzymes in adolescents: the HELENA study

et al. 2014

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Background:To examine the association between physical activity (PA) and liver enzyme levels in adolescents from nine European countries. Methods: The study comprised 718 adolescents (397 girls). PA was measured by accelerometry and expressed as total PA (counts/min), and time (min/d) engaged in moderate to vigorous intensity PA (MVPA). Time spent sedentary was also objectively measured. We measured serum levels of alanine aspartate aminostrasferase (AST), alanine aminostransferase (ALT), and γ-glutamyltrasnferase (GGT), and the AST/ALT ratio was computed. results: There was an association between MVPA and AST and AST/ALT (age, sex, and center-adjusted β = 0.096, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.016 to 0.118; and β = 0.090, 95% CI: 0.006 to 0.112, respectively). Meeting the PA recommendations (60 min/d of MVPA) was significantly associated with higher AST and AST/ALT, which persisted after further adjusting for sedentary time and waist circumference. Sedentary time was not associated with any of the studied liver enzyme levels. conclusion: Meeting the current PA recommendations of 60 min/d of MVPA is associated with higher levels of AST and AST/ALT regardless of time spent sedentary as well as total and central body fat in European adolescents. n onalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of abnormal liver function in young people (1), and is reaching epidemic proportions (2). Increased serum liver enzyme levels such as alanine aminostransferase (ALT), γ-glutamyltrasnferase (GGT), and even aspartate aminostrasferase (AST) are considered surrogate markers of NAFLD (2). These enzymes are associated with total and central body fat, insulin resistance, and blood lipids in children and adolescents (3-6), and are known to track from childhood to adulthood (7).Several studies in middle-and older-aged populations showed an association of liver enzyme levels with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes (8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Hanley et al. (13) showed that adults with higher levels of AST-to-ALT ratio (AST/ALT) had lower risk of metabolic syndrome. Of note is that whereas an AST/ALT level <1 is indicative of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, a ratio of ≥2 is associated with alcoholic liver disease (14). Lu et al. (15) showed that Han young adults with AST/ALT <1 had a higher frequency of abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, elevated blood pressure, and metabolic syndrome. More recently, a longitudinal study in young adults showed that both ALT and GGT levels predicted 16-y incidence of type 2 diabetes (16). Therefore, a greater indepth knowledge of the factors affecting liver enzymes and NAFLD in youth will contribute to the development of effective prevention programs, counseling, and public health policy.It is known that moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with a healthier body composition (17)(18)(19)(20), metabolic profile (21,22), and insulin sensitivity (23) in youth. Moreover, there is no doubt regarding the detrimental consequences for health of a prolonged sedentary lifest...

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The Relationship Between AST/ALT Ratio and Metabolic Syndrome in Han Young Adults - AST/ALT Ratio and Metabolic Syndrome

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Eating quickly is associated with a low aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio in middle-aged adults: a large-scale cross-sectional survey in Japan

Eating quickly is associated with a low aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio in middle-aged adults: a large-scale cross-sectional survey in Japan

Liver enzymes and clustering cardiometabolic risk factors in European adolescents: the HELENA study

Physical activity, sedentary time, and liver enzymes in adolescents: the HELENA study

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