“…Morphological awareness (MA) is a type of metalinguistic awareness often defined as the ability to manipulate morphemes (the smallest unit of meaning) and reflect on morphological structures of words (Carlisle, 2003;Kuo & Anderson, 2006;Levesque et al, 2021;Nagy et al, 2014). MA has been identified as a significant correlate and predictor, often independent of PA, of various reading-related abilities, including word reading (fluency), vocabulary knowledge, and reading comprehension, in hearing students of diverse backgrounds (Ke et al, 2021;Lee et al, 2022;Ruan et al, 2018). In the literature on DHH students, other than a few narrative reviews (e.g., Cannon & Trussell, 2021;Gaustad, 2000;Nielsen et al, 2011), there has been little effort to systematically review studies on MA and reading (see, however, Trussell & Easterbrooks, 2017), not to mention any meta-analysis on their correlations.…”