The relation of toddy (palm wine) intake to amoebic liver abscess in a predominantly toddy-drinking population: a cross-sectional study

Jha, Ashish K.; Jha, Praveen; Chaudhary, Madhur; Kumar, Shailesh; Prakash, Vijay; Dayal, Vishwa Mohan

doi:10.1177/0049475519840242

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Unlike, other studies, the incidence of a high alcohol intake, were only 41%, where other studies have reported a much higher incidence between 80 and 100% [4-7, 11, 41]. The liver cell damage associated with alcohol abuse has been suggested by some to predispose to the development of ALA [5,7,42]. This raises the possibly that the known hepatotoxicity effects of kava [36][37][38][39] may predispose the recreational kava drinker to developing an ALA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Amoebic Liver Abscesses in Fiji: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation and Comparison of Percutaneous Aspiration and Percutaneous Catheter Drainage

et al. 2019

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Background Amoebic liver abscess (ALA) is a common clinical problem in tropical countries related to poor sanitation. The epidemiology and clinical presentation of ALA in Fiji has not been previously described. It is unclear whether percutaneous aspiration (PA) or percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) has better outcomes. Purpose The aims were to describe the epidemiology and clinical presentation of ALA in Fiji and to compare the outcomes of PA and PCD for treatment of ALA. Methods A retrospective case note review of patients treated with either PA or PCD between 2010 and 2015 was performed. Indications for intervention were ALA > 5 cm, ALA in the left lateral lobe, risk of imminent rupture and failure to respond to medical treatment. Results There were 262 patients, 90% were male, 92.9% I‐Taukei ethnicity and 86.2% regular recreational kava drinkers. Most presented with upper abdominal pain and fevers. The majority (90.3%) had a single abscess with 87.8% being in the right lobe. 174 (66.4%) had LA and 88 (33.6%) had PCD. There was an unintended selection bias for PA in abscess with a volume of <1 litre. PA was associated with a more rapid resolution of fever and shorter hospital stay, more rapid resolution of the cavity and no morbidity. PCD had five complications, one bleed and four bile leaks. There was no mortality in either group. Conclusions ALA in Fiji occurs in I‐Taukei males who drink kava. PA appears to offer equivalent if not better outcomes for treatment of ALA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Amoebic Liver Abscesses in Fiji: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation and Comparison of Percutaneous Aspiration and Percutaneous Catheter Drainage

et al. 2019

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“…Numerous indirect mechanisms, including changes in the microbiota of the gut, elevated gut permeability, elevated expression of alcohol dehydrogenase-2 on EH, decreased immunity, and elevated hepatic iron concentration, have been hypothesised[ 27 , 29 ]. The possibility of direct oral transmission has been ruled out by studies that failed to demonstrate EH cysts in alcoholic beverages[ 1 , 30 ].…”

Section: Clinico-epidemiological Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amebic liver abscess: An update

Kumar,

Patel,

Priyadarshi

et al. 2024

World J Hepatol

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Amebic liver abscess (ALA) is still a common problem in the tropical world, where it affects over three-quarters of patients with liver abscess. It is caused by an anaerobic protozoan Entamoeba hystolytica , which primarily colonises the cecum. It is a non-suppurative infection of the liver consisting primarily of dead hepatocytes and cellular debris. People of the male gender, during their reproductive years, are most prone to ALA, and this appears to be due to a poorly mounted immune response linked to serum testosterone levels. ALA is more common in the right lobe of the liver, is strongly associated with alcohol consumption, and can heal without the need for drainage. While majority of ALA patients have an uncomplicated course, a number of complications have been described, including rupture into abdomino-thoracic structures, biliary fistula, vascular thrombosis, bilio-vascular compression, and secondary bacterial infection. Based on clinico-radiological findings, a classification system for ALA has emerged recently, which can assist clinicians in making treatment decisions. Recent research has revealed the role of venous thrombosis-related ischemia in the severity of ALA. Recent years have seen the development and refinement of newer molecular diagnostic techniques that can greatly aid in overcoming the diagnostic challenge in endemic area where serology-based tests have limited accuracy. Metronidazole has been the drug of choice for ALA patients for many years. However, concerns over the resistance and adverse effects necessitate the creation of new, safe, and potent antiamebic medications. Although the indication of the drainage of uncomplicated ALA has become more clear, high-quality randomised trials are still necessary for robust conclusions. Percutaneous drainage appears to be a viable option for patients with ruptured ALA and diffuse peritonitis, for whom surgery represents a significant risk of mortality.With regard to all of the aforementioned issues, this article intends to present an updated review of ALA.

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Prevalence of Amoebiasis and Associated Complications in India: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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The relation of toddy (palm wine) intake to amoebic liver abscess in a predominantly toddy-drinking population: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Amoebic Liver Abscesses in Fiji: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation and Comparison of Percutaneous Aspiration and Percutaneous Catheter Drainage

Amoebic Liver Abscesses in Fiji: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation and Comparison of Percutaneous Aspiration and Percutaneous Catheter Drainage

Amebic liver abscess: An update

Prevalence of Amoebiasis and Associated Complications in India: A Systematic Review

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