The relation of pulsatile pressure to flow in arteries

McDonald, D. A.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1955.sp005275

Cited by 201 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In 1959, Taylor, M.G. [6] indicates the same conclusion. Therefore, Figure 2 shows that by detecting the delay time between upstream and downstream pressures, Po(t) and PL(t), and in accordance with the sampled upstream pressure, the downstream pressure without decay is calculated by…”

Section: Vol 16 No 5 October 2004supporting

confidence: 57%

The Architectural Design for Dynamic Arterial Compliance-Measuring Instrument

Lin

Huang

Chen

et al. 2004

Biomed. Eng. Appl. Basis Commun.

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Section: Vol 16 No 5 October 2004supporting

confidence: 57%

The Architectural Design for Dynamic Arterial Compliance-Measuring Instrument

Lin

Huang

Chen

et al. 2004

Biomed. Eng. Appl. Basis Commun.

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“…This finding can be explained by the hypothetical mechanism that the aorta-to-femoral pressure difference is primarily responsible for the bidirectional (triphasic) Refer to the text for more details. waveform of the femoral flow (McDonald 1955). As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Central Hemodynamics and Brainmentioning

confidence: 98%

Central Hemodynamics and Target Organ Damage in Hypertension

Hashimoto

2014

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Recent advances in technology have enabled the noninvasive evaluation of pulsatile hemodynamics in the central aorta; namely, central pressure and flow measurements. The central blood pressure represents the true load imposed on the heart, kidney and brain, and the central blood flow influences the local flow into these vital organs. An elevation of the central blood pressure has a direct, adverse impact on the target organ and, thus, the cardiovascular prognosis in patients with hypertension. A decrease in the central blood flow can cause organ dysfunction and failure. The central pressure and flow dynamics were conventionally regarded as unidirectional from the heart to the periphery. However, current evidence suggests that it should be recognized as a bidirectional interplay between the central and peripheral arteries. Specifically, the pressure pulse wave is not only transmitted forward to the periphery but also reflected backward to the central aorta. The flow pulse wave is also composed of the forward and reverse components. Aortic stiffening and arteriolar remodeling due to hypertension not only augment the central pressure by increasing the wave reflection but also may alter the central bidirectional flow, inducing hemodynamic damage/dysfunction in susceptible organs. Therefore, central hemodynamic monitoring has the potential to provide a diagnostic and therapeutic basis for preventing systemic target organ damage and for offering personalized therapy suitable for the arterial properties in each patient with hypertension. This brief review will summarize hypothetical mechanisms for the association between the central hemodynamics and hypertensive organ damage in the heart, kidney and brain.

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“…Numerical calculation of rate offlow from observed pressure gradient McDonald (1955) obtained the pressure gradients corresponding to his average velocity measurements by direct difference between the readings of two manometers. One of his curves for the pressure gradient in the femoral artery of the dog is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Mrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

Solution of the equation of motion

We consider a circular pipe of length 1, radius R, filled with a viscous liquid of density p and viscosity ,u.

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Method for the calculation of velocity, rate of flow and viscous drag in arteries when the pressure gradient is known

Womersley¹

1955

The Journal of Physiology

1,559

880

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The experiments of McDonald and his co-workers (McDonald, 1952(McDonald, , 1955Helps & McDonald, 1953) have shown that in the larger arteries of the rabbit and the dog there is a reversal of the flow. Measurements of the pressure gradient (Helps & McDonald, 1953) showed a phase-lag between pressure gradient and flow somewhat analogous with the phase-lag between voltage and current in a conductor carrying alternating current, and the simple mathematical treatment given below has strong similarities with the theory of the distribution of alternating current in a conductor of finite size. Solution of the equation of motionWe consider a circular pipe of length 1, radius R, filled with a viscous liquid of density p and viscosity ,u. We shall need also the quantity v = ,up, the kinematic viscosity. To clarify what is to follow, the solution will be compared at each stage with the corresponding well-known Poiseuille solution for steady flow.In steady flow, if Pi and P2 are the pressures at the ends of the pipe, the pressure-gradient is (P1-P2)/l.If w is the longitudinal velocity of the liquid at points at a distance r from the axis of the pipe, the equation of motion of the liquid is d2w +1dw Pr-P2=0 dr2+r dr+ /1td-'1 and its solution is W=Pl4P2 (R2 -r2) which, if we write y = r/R, may be written w =P1 _P2 R2(1 -y2).(2) 4tkd

show abstract

The relation of pulsatile pressure to flow in arteries

Cited by 201 publications

References 11 publications

The Architectural Design for Dynamic Arterial Compliance-Measuring Instrument

The Architectural Design for Dynamic Arterial Compliance-Measuring Instrument

Central Hemodynamics and Target Organ Damage in Hypertension

Method for the calculation of velocity, rate of flow and viscous drag in arteries when the pressure gradient is known

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