The Regulation of Invertase Activity in the Latex of Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg

Tupý, J.

doi:10.1093/jxb/24.3.516

Cited by 35 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…In particular, pH has been reported to finely tune aquaporin activity through the protonation of some of their His residues by cytosolic H + , inducing their gating (Chaumont et al, 2005;Fischer and Kaldenhoff, 2008;Verdoucq et al, 2008). Bark treatments with synthetic auxins (Tupy, 1973) as well as with Ethrel (Coupé et al, 1977;BzrozowskaHanower et al, 1979;Amalou et al, 1992) have been shown to induce marked alkalinization of the latex cell cytosol, which should help increase laticifer PIP2 activity.…”

Section: Differential Aquaporin Expression May Control Turgor Pressurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of HbPIP2;1 and HbTIP1;1 Aquaporins in Ethylene Stimulation of Latex Yield through Regulation of Water Exchanges between Inner Liber and Latex Cells in Hevea brasiliensis

et al. 2009

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Natural rubber is synthesized in specialized articulated cells (laticifers) located in the inner liber of Hevea brasiliensis. Upon bark tapping, the laticifer cytoplasm (latex) is expelled due to liber tissue turgor pressure. In mature virgin (untapped) trees, shortterm kinetic studies confirmed that ethylene, the rubber yield stimulant used worldwide, increased latex yield, with a concomitant decrease in latex total solid content, probably through water influx in the laticifers. As the mature laticifers are devoid of plasmodesmata, the rapid water exchanges with surrounding liber cells probably occur via the aquaporin pathway. Two full-length aquaporin cDNAs (HbPIP2;1 and HbTIP1;1, for plasma membrane intrinsic protein and tonoplast intrinsic protein, respectively) were cloned and characterized. The higher efficiency of HbPIP2;1 than HbTIP1;1 in increasing plasmalemma water conductance was verified in Xenopus laevis oocytes. HbPIP2;1 was insensitive to HgCl 2 . In situ hybridization demonstrated that HbPIP2;1 was expressed in all liber tissues in the young stem, including the laticifers. HbPIP2;1 was upregulated in both liber tissues and laticifers, whereas HbTIP1;1 was down-regulated in liber tissues but up-regulated in laticifers in response to bark Ethrel treatment. Ethylene-induced HbPIP2;1 up-regulation was confirmed by western-blot analysis. The promoter sequences of both genes were cloned and found to harbor, among many others, ethylene-responsive and other chemical-responsive (auxin, copper, and sulfur) elements known to increase latex yield. Increase in latex yield in response to ethylene was emphasized to be linked with water circulation between the laticifers and their surrounding tissues as well as with the probable maintenance of liber tissue turgor, which together favor prolongation of latex flow.

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Section: Differential Aquaporin Expression May Control Turgor Pressurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of HbPIP2;1 and HbTIP1;1 Aquaporins in Ethylene Stimulation of Latex Yield through Regulation of Water Exchanges between Inner Liber and Latex Cells in Hevea brasiliensis

et al. 2009

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“…This is considered one of the reasons for ethephon-stimulated latex production. 36,37) Hence, it is speculated that HbCDPK1 is involved in ethephonstimulated latex production by regulating sucrose metabolism in H. brasiliensis. A further investigation will be done to identify the substrates of HbCDPK1, and to determine whether HbCDPK1 is involved in the ethylene-stimulated latex production in H. brasiliensis.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization ofHbCDPK1, an Ethephon-Induced Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase Gene ofHevea brasiliensis

Zhu

Chen

Chang

et al. 2010

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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“…The effect of tapping on the activity of invertase was shown by Tupý (1973a) who observed that the activity of invertase was several times higher in tapped rubber trees than untapped. Tupý and Primot (1982) detected activity of Susy in the latex of the rubber tree but not of sucrose phosphate synthase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Anatomical characteristics and enzymes of the sucrose metabolism and their relationship with latex yield in the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.)

Mésquita¹,

Oliveira²,

Mazzafera

et al. 2006

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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Rubber production is dependent on the availability of carbohydrates in the tissues engaged in latex synthesis. In this study three rubber tree clones were used to study the protein profile, the activities of invertase and sucrose synthase in the latex and anatomical characteristics of the bark, as well as to establish a possible relationship with latex production. The clones used in the study, RRIM 600, GT 1 and Fx2261, differed in latex productivity, from high to low in this order. Although present, few differences were observed in the latex protein profile obtained by denaturing electrophoresis. The activity of neutral invertase was higher than the acidic isoform, and both activities were higher in the most productive clones RRIM 600 and GT 1. The same was observed for sucrose synthase but it is suggested that invertase may play a more important role in sucrose cleavage in the latex. The anatomical measurements showed that the number of lactiferous cells and lactiferous rings per mm 2 , and lactiferous cell diameter were higher only in the most productive clone RRIM 600. Together, invertase activity and anatomical measurements might be useful to distinguish highly productive rubber tree clones. Key words: Hevea brasiliensis, invertase, lacticiferous vessels, latex, rubber, sucrose synthase.Características anatômicas e enzimas do metabolismo de sacarose, e sua relação com o a produção de látex na seringueira: A produção de borracha é dependente da disponibilidade de carboidratos nos tecidos envolvidos na produção de látex. Neste estudo em três clones de seringueira foram estudados o perfil protéico, as atividades das enzimas invertase e sacarose sintase no látex e características anatômicas da casca, e tentou-se estabelecer uma correlação com a produção de látex. Os três clones usados no estudo, RRIM 600, GT 1 e Fx2261, diferem na produção de látex, de alta para baixa, nesta sequência. Apesar de serem observadas, foram poucas as diferenças entre os perfis de proteínas do látex, obtidos por eletroforese desnaturante. A atividade de invertase neutra foi maior que a isoforma acídica, e ambas foram maiores nos clones mais produtivos, RRIM 600 e GT 1. O mesmo foi observado para sacarose sintase mas foi sugerido que invertase desempenha papel mais importante na quebra de sacarose no látex. As medidas anatômicas mostraram que o número de vasos laticíferos e de anéis laticíferos por mm 2 , e o diâmetro dos vasos laticíferos eram maiores somente nas plantas do clone mais produtivo RRIM 600. Juntos, a atividade de invertase e as medidas anatômicas parecem ser parâmetros que poderiam ser usados na identificação de clones de seringueiras altamente produtivos em látex. Palavras-chave: Hevea brasiliensis, borracha, invertase, látex, sacarose sintase, vasos laticíferos.

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The Regulation of Invertase Activity in the Latex of Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Involvement of HbPIP2;1 and HbTIP1;1 Aquaporins in Ethylene Stimulation of Latex Yield through Regulation of Water Exchanges between Inner Liber and Latex Cells in Hevea brasiliensis

Involvement of HbPIP2;1 and HbTIP1;1 Aquaporins in Ethylene Stimulation of Latex Yield through Regulation of Water Exchanges between Inner Liber and Latex Cells in Hevea brasiliensis

Molecular Characterization ofHbCDPK1, an Ethephon-Induced Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase Gene ofHevea brasiliensis

Anatomical characteristics and enzymes of the sucrose metabolism and their relationship with latex yield in the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.)

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