The refinery of the future and technology integration

Speight, James G.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816994-0.00015-4

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In order to do so, first, a steam methane reformer is used, since there is a significant amount of methane in the producer gas. Thus, the catalytic reforming of methane using steam produces carbon monoxide and hydrogen following reaction ( 16) [38].…”

Section: Primary Devolatilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Olive Pomace Gasification for Hydrogen Production Using Aspen Plus: Case Study Lebanon

Matta,

Semaan,

Harb

2024

Energies

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Biomass is a renewable energy source gaining attention for its potential to replace fossil fuels. Biomass gasification can produce hydrogen-rich gas, offering an environmentally friendly fuel for power generation, transportation, and industry. Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier due to its high energy density, low greenhouse gas emissions, and versatility. This study aims to develop a hydrogen generation plant using a dual fluidized bed gasifier, which employs steam as a gasifying agent, to convert olive pomace waste from the Lebanese olive oil industry into hydrogen. The process is simulated using Aspen Plus and Fortran coding, and it includes a drying unit, gasification unit, gas cleaning unit, steam methane reformer unit, water–gas shift reactor unit, and a pressure swing adsorption unit. The generated gas composition is verified against previous research. Sensitivity analyses are conducted to investigate the impacts of the steam-to-biomass ratio (STBR) and gasification temperature on gas composition, demonstrating a valid STBR range of 0.5 to 1 and a reasonable gasification temperature range of 700 °C to 800 °C. Further sensitivity analyses assess the impact of reformer temperature and the steam-to-carbon ratio (S/C) on the gas composition leaving the steam methane reformer.

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Section: Primary Devolatilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Olive Pomace Gasification for Hydrogen Production Using Aspen Plus: Case Study Lebanon

Matta,

Semaan,

Harb

2024

Energies

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“…The low value paraffins/iso-paraffins can be converted into valuable chemicals like aromatics and olefins. [2][3][4][5] Amongst various chemicals, aromatics are of paramount importance owing to their utility as a precursor for various useful chemicals, as an octane booster, [6] as a solvent, [7] and for the production of polymer, [8] insecticide, [9] detergent, [10] dye, [11] flavorings agents, [12] medicines, and so forth. [13][14][15] Due to their emerging applications, it is estimated that the demand for aromatics shall increase very rapidly in the near future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Versatile, Non‐noble Metal‐Based Catalytic Process for the Production of Green Aromatics and High‐Octane Fuel from Bio‐Derived Hydrocarbon Mix

Kumar,

Prakash Tathod,

Singh

et al. 2024

ChemistrySelect

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The present work deals with the value‐addition to bio‐derived hydrocarbon mix obtained as a side product in biorefinery for petrochemicals and fuel applications. One aspect of this study focused on developing a highly versatile, non‐noble metal‐based catalytic process to facilitate the production of green aromatics and high‐octane fuel from a renewable bio‐derived hydrocarbon mix. Considering the availability of various conventional/unconventional feedstocks viz. industrial petroleum naphtha and crude‐derived hydrocarbon mix, the catalyst development is also expanded for effective conversion of such feedstocks to produce aromatics. For this, a detailed understanding of the catalyst property‐activity relationship has been established with the help of characterization techniques like FTIR, XRD, NH3‐TPD, Pyridine‐IR, N2 adsorption‐desorption, HR‐TEM, XPS, TGA, etc. The studies revealed promising catalytic activity of 5Zn‐2Ga‐0.5Ba/H‐ZSM‐5 to exhibit very high aromatic selectivity (up to 80 %) and high‐octane fuel production (>100 RON) from all the feedstocks possessing different hydrocarbon composition. The catalyst showed good repeatability and recyclability at the tested reaction conditions.

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“…Catalytic reformation is a common process found in refineries where the objective is to increase the octane number of the gasoline through multiple catalytic packed fixed-bed reactors, as seen in Figure . The average length of these reactors is 12.5 m with 293–412 tubes , and pressures varying between 100 and 1000 psi…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Modeling and Techno-Economic Analysis of a Methanol-to-Gasoline Production Repurposed Refinery Equipment

Arias Gallego,

Khandavilli,

Kobayashi

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Methanol-to-gasoline (MtG) is an alternative process for the production of liquid fuel that involves the conversion of methanol into light and heavy hydrocarbons. The attractiveness of this option relies on multiple feedstocks that can be used to produce methanol, which can impact the greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere in comparison to petroleum-based feedstocks. However, one of the challenges of this alternative gasoline production is its high investment cost. This study presents a solution to increase affordability by using repurposed equipment from petrochemical industries. The study employs three modeling techniques, i.e., kinetic modeling, process modeling, and techno-economic analysis. First, a lumped MtG kinetic mechanism using an hierarchical zeolite socony mobil-5 (HZSM-5) catalyst was developed and validated against the literature data to enable high-accuracy process modeling and optimization. Then, the kinetics were implemented in Aspen Plus V12 for process simulations of the fixed-bed MtG, optimization of the operating conditions, and heat integration to increase energy efficiency. Lastly, a techno-economic analysis (TEA) gives the levelized cost of the e-gasoline along with the sensitivity analysis to demonstrate the variables that mainly affect the cost. The TEA showed a price for the e-gasoline with a gray methanol feedstock of 1.82 USD/L, which is comparable with the current average retail gasoline price (1.29 USD/L). Additionally, increasing the capacity by 161 times can reduce the levelized price of e-gasoline to 0.761 USD/L.

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The refinery of the future and technology integration

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Simulation of Olive Pomace Gasification for Hydrogen Production Using Aspen Plus: Case Study Lebanon

Simulation of Olive Pomace Gasification for Hydrogen Production Using Aspen Plus: Case Study Lebanon

Highly Versatile, Non‐noble Metal‐Based Catalytic Process for the Production of Green Aromatics and High‐Octane Fuel from Bio‐Derived Hydrocarbon Mix

Kinetic Modeling and Techno-Economic Analysis of a Methanol-to-Gasoline Production Repurposed Refinery Equipment

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