The Recent Progress in Nanotoxicology and Nanosafety from the Point of View of Both Toxicology and Ecotoxicology

Wu, Yuan; Ho, Sheng Yow; Wang, Ying Jan

doi:10.3390/ijms21124209

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Excess ROS production may contribute to tissue damage and participate in signal transduction, the proliferative response, gene expression, and protein redox regulation [45]. ENP-induced oxidative stress was proposed as one of the initiators of the disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential, the induction of ER stress, and cell death mediated by apoptosis and/or autophagy [9]. The mechanisms underlying ENP-induced toxicity have become one of the most frequently studied topics in toxicology during the last two decades.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have recently reported the possible targets and mechanisms of the toxic effects of AgNPs on a ZFE model. Our major finding is that exposure to AgNPs alters lysosomal activity (an indicator of autophagy) and leads to a greater number of apoptotic cells distributed among the developmental organs of the embryo [8,9]. From the (eco)toxicological perspective, the toxic effects induced by AgNPs and ZnONPs, including cytotoxicity, hematotoxicity, immunotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and embryotoxicity, either in vitro or in vivo, are quite similar [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Toxic Effects and Mechanisms of Silver and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Zebrafish Embryos in Aquatic Ecosystems

et al. 2022

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The global application of engineered nanomaterials and nanoparticles (ENPs) in commercial products, industry, and medical fields has raised some concerns about their safety. These nanoparticles may gain access into rivers and marine environments through industrial or household wastewater discharge and thereby affect the ecosystem. In this study, we investigated the effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) on zebrafish embryos in aquatic environments. We aimed to characterize the AgNP and ZnONP aggregates in natural waters, such as lakes, reservoirs, and rivers, and to determine whether they are toxic to developing zebrafish embryos. Different toxic effects and mechanisms were investigated by measuring the survival rate, hatching rate, body length, reactive oxidative stress (ROS) level, apoptosis, and autophagy. Spiking AgNPs or ZnONPs into natural water samples led to significant acute toxicity to zebrafish embryos, whereas the level of acute toxicity was relatively low when compared to Milli-Q (MQ) water, indicating the interaction and transformation of AgNPs or ZnONPs with complex components in a water environment that led to reduced toxicity. ZnONPs, but not AgNPs, triggered a significant delay of embryo hatching. Zebrafish embryos exposed to filtered natural water spiked with AgNPs or ZnONPs exhibited increased ROS levels, apoptosis, and lysosomal activity, an indicator of autophagy. Since autophagy is considered as an early indicator of ENP interactions with cells and has been recognized as an important mechanism of ENP-induced toxicity, developing a transgenic zebrafish system to detect ENP-induced autophagy may be an ideal strategy for predicting possible ecotoxicity that can be applied in the future for the risk assessment of ENPs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%