The Recent Development of Rare Earth-Doped Borate Laser Crystals

KLi2RE(BO3)2 (RE = Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Y): Structural, Spectroscopic, And Thermogravimetric Studies on a Series of Mixed-Alkali Rare-Earth Orthoborates

“…4−12 Moreover, rare-earth borates doped with other optically active rare-earth cations (e.g., Er 3+ and Yb 3+ ) have also received vast attentions as they are able to the generate efficient radiation of solid-state lasers. 13 A continuous-wave self-frequency-doubled green laser output power up to 1.1 W has been achieved in Y b 3 + : Y A l 3 ( B O 3 ) 4 c r y s t a l s . 1 4 O f n o t e s , (Er 3+ ,Yb 3+ ):GdAl 3 (BO 3 ) 4 and (Er 3+ ,Yb 3+ ):GdMgB 5 O 10 crystals were demonstrated to produce a human eye-safe 1.5 μm laser, and their slope efficiencies lie close to that of Er− Yb:commercial glass.…”

“…Inorganic metal borates are of research interest due to their structural diversity, interesting physicochemical properties, and wide applications, especially in nonlinear optics (NLO). − To date, many acentric rare-earth borates, such as La 2 CaB 10 O 19 , Na 3 La 9 O 3 (BO 3 ) 8 , YAl 3 (BO 3 ) 4 , GdAl 3 (BO 3 ) 4 , YCa 4 O­(BO 3 ) 3 , and K 7 MRE 2 (B 5 O 10 ) 3 (M = Zn, Cd, and Pb; RE = Sc, Y, Gd, and Lu), , have been widely explored as NLO crystals due to their large optical second-harmonic (SHG) coefficients, suitable birefringence, high laser damage threshold, good crystal growth habit, mechanical strength, and excellent hygroscopic resistance. − Moreover, rare-earth borates doped with other optically active rare-earth cations (e.g., Er 3+ and Yb 3+ ) have also received vast attentions as they are able to the generate efficient radiation of solid-state lasers . A continuous-wave self-frequency-doubled green laser output power up to 1.1 W has been achieved in Yb 3+ :YAl 3 (BO 3 ) 4 crystals .…”

Site-occupancy scheme in disordered Ca3RE2(BO3)4: a dependence on rare-earth (RE) ionic radius

“…This feature makes A 3 RE 2 (BO 3 ) 4 crystals interesting for optoelectronic applications, especially in laser media (e.g. Tu & Wang, 2012). Most articles concerning these materials have been directed towards investigating the optical properties of the crystals; structural analyses have been usually limited to a phase analysis and determination of the unit-cell parameters.…”

Theoretical and experimental study on the electronic and optical properties of K0.5Rb0.5Pb2Br5: a promising laser host material

“…For the last two decades, rare earth-doped borates and halides have been intensively studied and developed as they possess outstanding properties including good physical and chemical stability, high optical quality, large dimension, and moisture resistance. 5,6 Recently, increasing attention has been paid to the rare-earth doped double halides as they can operate in the mid-IR range. 7 Especially, the active crystal hosts with general formula APb 2 B 5 (A ¼ K, Rb; and B ¼ Cl, Br) are of great interest owing to their low phonon energy of about 140 cm À1 which inhibits the non-radiative transition rate and increases the quantum yield.…”