The Recall of Interrupted Group Tasks: An Experimental Study of Individual Motivation in Relation to Group Goals

Horwitz, Murray

doi:10.1177/001872675400700101

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In summary, during the course of social activity, people may develop a basis for the arousal of prornotiue tension, which is defined as tension coordinated to another's goal attainment. The properties of promotive tension are expected to be consistent with dynamic concepts in field theory developed by Lewin (1935Lewin ( , 1936Lewin ( , 1938Lewin ( , 1951, Deutsch (1949aDeutsch ( , 1949b, Horwitz (1953), Lewis (1944), Lewis andFranklin (1944), andZeigarnik (1927). Specifically, it is argued that whether promotive tension arousal produces behavior which facilitates or hinders another's goal attainment depends on three factors: (a) a person's valence for the goal region being sought after by the other, (b) his perception of the other's valence for that region, and (c) the perceived distance between the other and the goal.…”

Section: Harvey a Hornstein Teachers College Columbia Universitysupporting

confidence: 63%

Promotive Tension: The Basis of Prosocial Behavior from a Lewinian Perspective¹

Hornstein

1972

Journal of Social Issues

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Three categories of tension are identified as potential correspondents of psychological forces: tension arising from own needs, from induced needs, from the need to satisfy impersonal demands. To these, a fourth is added in which tensions are coordinated to someone else's desire to locomote toward or away from a region in his life space. From this Lewinian perspective, altruism and other less dramatic forms of prosocial behavior are part of a general theoretical question: What conditions determine whether individuals develop tension systems coordinated to another's goal attainment? The process by which tension is coordinated to another person's goal attainment is here called promotive tension arousal. Conditions that determine whether promotive tension arousal produces behavior that facilitates or hinders another's goal attainment are discussed.

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Section: Harvey a Hornstein Teachers College Columbia Universitysupporting

confidence: 63%

Promotive Tension: The Basis of Prosocial Behavior from a Lewinian Perspective¹

Hornstein

1972

Journal of Social Issues

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“…The first reflects the problem's centrality to the phenomenon begin examined. Festinger (1980) describes Lewin and his students' initial research on group dynamics as being focused on such problems as group cohesion (Back, 1951;French, 1941), pressures toward uniformity (Festinger, Schachter, & Back, 1950;Schachter, 1951), and individual level of aspiration (Festinger, 1942; later extended to groups goals and aspirations; Horwitz, 1954;Zander & Medow, 1963). Each of these constructs related to uncovering and understanding the central dynamics of how effective collective action occurred.…”

Section: Lewin's Action Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leadership theory and practice: Fostering an effective symbiosis

Zaccaro

Horn

2003

The Leadership Quarterly

103

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“…Horwitz, 1954;Thibaut, Friedland, & Walker, 1974). That is, P comes to "believe in" O as a reliable source of positive outcomes.…”

Section: A Theoretical Framework For the Study Of Alienation In The Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a psychological theory of alienation.

Stokols¹

1975

Psychological Review

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The experience of alienation is conceptualized as a sequential-developmental process which (a) develops in the context of an ongoing relationship between an individual and another person or group of people; (b) involves an unexpected deterioration in the quality of outcomes provided to the individual by the other(s) ; and (c) persists to the extent that the individual and the other(s) remain spatially or psychologically proximal. On the basis of two variable components, personal-neutral thwarting and saliencenonsalience of alternatives, a typology of estrangement experiences is proposed which includes four behavioral syndromes: isolation, reintegration, subjugation, and rebellion. Though in each of these syndromes the individual's appraisal of the situation leads to at least temporary disillusionment, the induction of persisting cognitive changes as a result of one's exposure to personal thwarting by another is viewed to be the central and unique feature of the alienation experience. Finally, research directions and policy implications of the proposed framework are discussed.

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The Recall of Interrupted Group Tasks: An Experimental Study of Individual Motivation in Relation to Group Goals

Cited by 35 publications

References 13 publications

Promotive Tension: The Basis of Prosocial Behavior from a Lewinian Perspective¹

Promotive Tension: The Basis of Prosocial Behavior from a Lewinian Perspective¹

Leadership theory and practice: Fostering an effective symbiosis

Toward a psychological theory of alienation.

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The Recall of Interrupted Group Tasks: An Experimental Study of Individual Motivation in Relation to Group Goals

Cited by 35 publications

References 13 publications

Promotive Tension: The Basis of Prosocial Behavior from a Lewinian Perspective1

Promotive Tension: The Basis of Prosocial Behavior from a Lewinian Perspective1

Leadership theory and practice: Fostering an effective symbiosis

Toward a psychological theory of alienation.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Promotive Tension: The Basis of Prosocial Behavior from a Lewinian Perspective¹

Promotive Tension: The Basis of Prosocial Behavior from a Lewinian Perspective¹