The reactions of the intestine of the pig to gastric juice

Florey, H. W.; Jennings, M. A.; Jennings, Denys; O'connor, R.

doi:10.1002/path.1700490112

Cited by 45 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…[17][18][19] Impaired function of the glands may be a pathogenetic factor in experimentally induced duodenal ulcer.20 21 The mechanisms regulating Brunner's gland secretion, however are still largely unknown. The secretion obtained from the duodenal pouches has a characteristic limpid and viscid nature, quite different from secretions from other parts of the small intestine, where Brunner's glands are absent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of secretin and glucagon on Brunner's gland secretion in the rat.

Kirkegaard¹,

Olsen²,

Poulsen³

et al. 1984

Gut

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SUMMARY Brunner's gland secretion in response to infusion of secretin and glucagon was studied in the rat. Secretin was infused in doses of 15, 150 and 1500 ng/kg/h. All doses significantly increased bicarbonate and protein output and depleted Brunner's glands of PAS-positive mucin. Bicarbonate secretion was related to plasma secretin concentration, and a marked stimulatory effect of secretin was found in very low, probably physiological, plasma concentrations. Maximal bicarbonate output was obtained at a plasma concentration of secretin about 20 pmol/l. Glucagon was infused at a rate of 1*0 ,ug/kg/h and did not influence secretion rate or cell morphology. Also large doses of 5 0 and 500 ,ug/kg/h had no effect on Brunner's gland secretion. It is concluded that secretin in very low plasma concentrations stimulates secretion of bicarbonate, protein and mucus from Brunner's glands in the rat, while glucagon has no effect, and it is suggested that secretin may be involved in the physiological regulation of Brunner's gland secretion.Nearly 50 years ago Florey and Harding' 2 showed that feeding stimulated secretion from Brunner's glands in the cat after extrinsic denervation. They concluded that the glands were controlled by a hormonal mechanism, and postulated the hormone to be secretin. Received for publication 28 March 1983 The present study was performed to investigate whether secretin and glucagon in more physiological plasma concentrations stimulate Brunner's gland secretion. Methods ANIMALS AND OPERATIVE PROCEDUREFemale Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 190-210 g were fasted from 8 am for eight hours in raised mesh-bottom cages, but given tap water ad libitum. Under ether anesthesia, one of the jugular veins was cannulated with a 0-8 mm polyethylene tube for infusion of peptides. A laparotomy was performed with a midline incision and the pylorus was ligated. Another ligature was placed around the duodenum 8 mm distally, a few millimetres proximal to the common bile and pancreatic duct. Through a stab wound a polyethylene catheter was introduced into the lumen of the distal duodenum and the tip was passed up through the ligature, which was tied so that the catheter was draining the 8 mm duodenal pouch. To drain the stomach during the experiment, another catheter was placed through a stab wound in the lumen and secured by a purse string suture. The abdominal wound was closed around the two 264 on 10 May 2018 by guest. Protected by copyright.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of secretin and glucagon on Brunner's gland secretion in the rat.

Kirkegaard¹,

Olsen²,

Poulsen³

et al. 1984

Gut

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“…In that case the gastric mucosa could be the result of an abnorm al regenerative process following the destruc tion of [»reexisting duodenal mucosa by ulceration or accompanying inflammation [10], This means that these islets of gastric mucosa originate from stem cells th at have the capacity to differentiate in both gastric or duodenal (intestinal) epithelium when normal re generation is im paired or altered by the high acidity in the duodenum [1,3,5]. In case of intestinal heterotopia of the stom ach however no stem cell common to both gastric and intestinal epithelium could be detected [14,15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa in the Duodenum

Hoedemaeker¹

1970

Digestion

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Islets of fully developed gastric mucosa i.e. containing parietal cells and sometimes pepsinogen cells were found in the duodenal cuff in 52 outof 158 gastric resection specimens. The gastric mucosa was seen significantly more often in the duodenum when the gastric resection was performed for duodenal ulceration. It is thought that the high acidity associatedwith the duodenal ulceration might be the cause forthe development of the heterotopic gastric mucosa.

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“…This epithelium persisted throughout the period of healing and was still present after 102 days in the form of small patches on the newly-formed villi. Florey, Jennings, Jennings, and O'Connor (1939), while investigating the protective action of Brunner's glands in pigs, inserted a duodenal fistula between a Pavlov pouch and the jejunum. The segment of duodenum was presumably exposed to a high level of acidity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental production of gastric epithelium in the duodenum

Rhodes¹

1964

Gut

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EDITORIAL SYNOPSIS The findings in this experimental study in cats resemble those previously noted in man with hypersecretion of acid by the stomach. The gastric type epithelium which develops in the duodenum probably arises from the necks of Brunner's glands.Intestinal metaplasia is a well-known occurrence in the human stomach. James (1963) has recently described the reverse anomaly, gastric epithelium in the duodenum. He examined biopsies taken at operation from the first part of the duodenum: patches of gastric epithelium were commonly found in patients with duodenal ulcer but were rare in patients with gastric ulcer or carcinoma. One patient with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome had extensive gastric epithelium in the second part of the duodenum. Another patient who had an increased gastric acid secretion also had the change in the second part of the duodenum (James, 1963).These findings suggested a possible association between gastric epithelium in the duodenum and a high gastric acid secretion. This paper describes experiments to test whether the unusually high secretion of acid promoted by repeated injections of histamine could cause gastric epithelium to develop in the duodenal mucosa. METHODSAdult cats, 12 females and eight males, were given intramuscular injections of histamine suspended in beeswax. In an attempt to find a suitable dosage of histamine, animals were given different doses for varying periods, the longest of which was four weeks. Some experiments had to be stopped because the animals became ill. Seven cats, which were not given histamine, served as controls. All the cats were killed by intrathoracic nembutal 24 hours after their last injection.Histamine was suspended in beeswax by the method described by Hay, Varco, Code, and Wangensteen (1942) and was diluted with mineral oil to give concentrations of 2, 10, and 20 mg./ml. The injection, which was given at 9.00 a.m. each day, could then be given without warming the preparation. By giving histamine suspended in beeswax to dogs with Heidenhain pouches it was shown that the effect of a single injection lasted for 24 to 36 hours.Immediately after death, the stomach and upper small intestine were removed, and a note was made of any mucosal ulceration or reddening. The entire duodenum with some antrum and jejunum was rolled up and fixed in 10% formol saline for 48 hours. The preparation was then cut longitudinally in two places, and sections were taken from the three pieces of tissue so obtained. They were stained by haematoxylin and eosin, and by periodic acid-Schiff reagent (P.A.S.). Suitably fixed tissue was not obtained from two female and two male cats.Three sections from each animal were examined for ulceration and stunting or flattening of the villi. Particular attention was paid to the nature of the surface epithelium and the presence of mucus-containing cells resembling gastric cells. The number of patches of gastric epithelium was counted but no attempt was made to count individual cells. The location of the patches was recorded. Becau...

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The reactions of the intestine of the pig to gastric juice

Cited by 45 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of secretin and glucagon on Brunner's gland secretion in the rat.

Effect of secretin and glucagon on Brunner's gland secretion in the rat.

Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa in the Duodenum

Experimental production of gastric epithelium in the duodenum

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