The ratoon rice system with high yield and high efficiency in China: Progress, trend of theory and technology

Xu, Fangsen; Lin, Zhang; XingBing, Zhou; Guo, Xiaoyi; Yingguo, Zhu; Liu, Mao; Hong, Xiong; Jiang, Peng

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108282

Cited by 57 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A significant difference in the yield loss of ratoon crops among cultivars has been observed in many previous studies. Thus, breeding rice cultivars with a high regenerative ability and strong rolled-resistance is considered an effective method of alleviating the yield losses in mechanized ratoon rice systems [29]. In addition, the rolling damage can be reduced partially by the combination of the modification of agricultural machinery and the improvement of crop management.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Border Effect on Ratoon Crop Yield in a Mechanized Rice Ratooning System

et al. 2022

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Yield loss of ratoon crops caused by the rolling damage to the left stubble from mechanically harvesting main crops has been reported in previous studies. However, limited attention has been paid to identify the effect of the mechanical harvesting of the main crop on the yield of a non-rolled zone (NRZ) of a ratoon crop. A two-year field experiment on ratoon rice with two harvest methods (mechanical harvesting: MEH; manual harvesting: MAH) of a main crop was conducted to identify whether there is a border effect on the yield of the NRZ, and to evaluate whether the border effect will compensate for the yield loss of the ratoon crop. On average, MEH reduced the grain yield of the ratoon crop by 17.6% compared with MAH. The yield of the rolled zone (RZ) in MEH was 66.1–70.3% lower than that of MAH, which was attributed to the lower panicle m−2, grain filling percentage, total dry weight, and harvest index. In contrast, the yield of the NRZ in MEH was 2.7–10.8% higher than that of MAH. The yield differences of the non-rolled single row (R1), side row (R2), and middle row (R3) in the NRZ compared with MAH were 22.9%, 8.5%, and −10.1%, respectively, which were mainly explained by the panicle m−2, spikelets m−2, total dry weight, and regeneration rate. These results suggest that rolling during the mechanical harvesting of the main crop induced a border effect on the yield of the NRZ, which reduced the yield loss of the ratoon crop. The yield gain of the NRZ was attributed to the increased yield of R1 and R2 rather than R3.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Border Effect on Ratoon Crop Yield in a Mechanized Rice Ratooning System

et al. 2022

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“…2, Extended Data Figs. 4, 5 and 6 and Supplementary Tables 4 and 5), whereas O. sativa cultivars can typically be ratooned at most only once, and with a substantial yield drop in the ratoon crop [40][41][42] . Therefore, these first cultivars of PR represent a step change that makes ratooning an economically attractive option for irrigated production environments that are not limited in duration by cold weather or other adverse environmental conditions.…”

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Sustained productivity and agronomic potential of perennial rice

et al. 2022

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There is an urgent need for agricultural systems to intensify sustainably, increasing crop productivity, farmer livelihoods and soil health while using fewer resources. Crop perennialization, the conversion of especially annual grains to perennial forms, has shown such possibility. Here we report the successful breeding of perennial rice and assess its performance and potential. Domesticated, annual Asian rice (Oryza sativa) was hybridized with its perennial African relative Oryza longistaminata. From a single planting, irrigated perennial rice produced grain for eight consecutive harvests over four years, averaging 6.8 Mg ha−1 harvest−1 versus the 6.7 Mg of replanted annual rice, which required additional labour and seed. Four years of cropping with perennial rice resulted in soils accumulating 0.95 Mg ha–1 yr–1 organic carbon and 0.11 Mg ha−1 yr−1 nitrogen, along with increases in soil pH (0.3–0.4) and plant-available water capacity (7.2 mm). Perennial cultivars are strongly preferred by farmers; growing them saves 58.1% of labour and 49.2% of input costs in each regrowth cycle. In 2021, perennial rice was grown on 15,333 ha by 44,752 smallholder farmers in southern China. Suited to a broad range of frost-free environments between 40° N and 40° S, perennial rice is a step change with potential to improve livelihoods, enhance soil quality and inspire research on other perennial grains.

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“…The number, length, and fresh weight were closely related to the NSC content in stems and ROA in plants after full heading in the main crop [28][29][30]. Before the main crop was harvested, the growth of regenerated buds depended on the nutrients stored in the stems and leaves of the main crop [31]. Therefore, under a high stubble cutting height, the NSC concentration in stems and leaves after heading in the main crop was positively correlated with the number and length of regenerated buds [30].…”

Section: Reasonable N Regime In the Main Crop Improved The Growth And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was closely related to the growth and development of regenerated buds. Xu et al (2021) found that the fresh weight and length of regenerated buds were significantly and positively correlated with the regeneration rate [31]. Increasing the length and fresh weight of regenerated buds could reduce the mortality of regenerated buds and increase the regeneration rate [36].…”

Section: Reasonable N Regime In the Main Crop Improved The Regenerati...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reasonable Nitrogen Regime in the Main Crop Increased Grain Yields in Both Main and Ratoon Rice

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2022

Agriculture

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Planting ratoon rice can realize one sowing and two harvests, which is of great significance for improving grain yield. However, the effects of nitrogen (N) regime in the main crop on the grain yield of ratoon rice and the associated physiological mechanisms are not clearly understood. The indica hybrid rice Liangyou 6326 was used, and three N fertilizer levels (100 kg ha−1 (low N, LN), 250 kg ha−1 (medium N, MN), and 400 kg ha−1 (high N, HN)) and four different ratios of basal tillering fertilizer to panicle fertilizer (7:3, 6:4, 5:5, and 4:6) applied to the main crop were designed to investigate their effects on the grain yields of the main and ratoon crops. The results showed that excessive N application rate and panicle N application rate in the main crop was not conducive to the improvement of yield and agronomic nitrogen use efficiency (ANUE) in both seasons. The increased yield in the ratoon crop was attributed to the increase in the regeneration rate. Appropriate increasing of the panicle N application rate was beneficial for increasing the ROA and NSC concentration in the main crop, resulting in an increase in the number, length, and fresh weight of regenerated buds, which caused an improvement in the regeneration rate. However, when excessive panicle N was applied in the main crop, the excessive germination of regenerated buds decreased the length and fresh weight of the regenerated bud and resulted in a decrease in the regeneration rate. These results suggest that in the production of ratoon rice, reasonable N regime in the main crop could increase the yield and ANUE in both seasons.

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The ratoon rice system with high yield and high efficiency in China: Progress, trend of theory and technology

Cited by 57 publications

References 11 publications

Border Effect on Ratoon Crop Yield in a Mechanized Rice Ratooning System

Border Effect on Ratoon Crop Yield in a Mechanized Rice Ratooning System

Sustained productivity and agronomic potential of perennial rice

Reasonable Nitrogen Regime in the Main Crop Increased Grain Yields in Both Main and Ratoon Rice

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