The rapid inhibition of root respiration after exposure of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants to ozone

Hofstra, G.; Ali, Arlene Asthana; Wukasch, R.T.; Fletcher, R. A.

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(81)90178-5

Cited by 35 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The decreasing biomass partitioning to roots resulted in a decline in root/shoot ratio as reviewed by Cooley and Manning (1987) and Nouchi et al (1991). Elevated O 3 decreased root growth through alteration of photosynthetic partitioning, and the inhibition of photosynthetic translocation altered root physiological functions such as respiration and absorbing water and nutrients (Hofstra et al, 1981;Ito et al, 1985;Nouchi et al, 1991). Reduction in root activity reflected a decline in root function after elevated O 3 exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of elevated ozone on growth and yield of field-grown rice in Yangtze River Delta, China

Chen¹,

Wang²,

Zhu³

et al. 2008

Journal of Environmental Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of elevated ozone on growth and yield of field-grown rice in Yangtze River Delta, China

Chen¹,

Wang²,

Zhu³

et al. 2008

Journal of Environmental Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Root respiration decreases or increases in response to above-ground O., exposure, depending on the experimental conditions (Hofstra et al, 1981 ;Blum etal, 1983;Itoetal, 1985;Edwards, 1991;Nouchi et al, 1991Nouchi et al, , 1995Andersen & Scagel, 1997). Although root growth and activity are linked to shoot growth and photosynthesis, their seasonality is distinctly different from those of the shoot.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal changes in root and soil respiration of ozone‐exposed ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) grown in different substrates

Andersen

1997

New Phytologist

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exposure to ozone (O,,) has been shown to decrease the allocation of carbon to tree roots. Decreased allocation of carbon to roots might disrupt root metabolism and rhizosphere organisms. The efFects of soil type and shoot O3 exposure on below-ground respiration and soil microbial populations were investigated using container-grown ponderosa pine {Pmus ponderosa Laws.) growing in a low-nutrient soil, or a fertilizer-amended organic potting media, and exposed to one of three levels of O3 for two growing seasons in open-top exposure chambers. A closed system, designed to measure below-ground respiratory activity (CO^ production, O^ consumption and RQRespiration Quotient; (CO^; O.^) of plants growing in pots, was used monthly to monitor below-ground respiration of 3-yr-old ponderosa pine.Although seasonal differences were detected, CO.^ production (//.mol h~' g~' total root d. wt), Oj consumption (/tmol h"' g~' total root d. wt) and RQ (CO.^:O,) increased with increasing O3 exposure level. Seasonal patterns showed increased respiration rates during periods of rapid root growth in spring and early fall. Respiration quotient tended to decrease during known periods of active root growth in control seedlings, but a similar response was not observed in O^-treated seedlings. Responses to O3 were greatest in the soil-grown plants, which had a lower fertility le\'el than media-grown plants. Although root d. wt was decreased, root: shoot ratios did not change in response to O.,. Soil-grown plants had higher root-shoot ratios than media-grown plants, reflecting the lower fertility of the soil.Plant exposure to O3 was found to affect both active and total populations of soil organisms. In both organic potting media and in soil, biomass of active soil fungi, and the ratio of active-fungal to active-bacterial biomass increased with increasing plant exposure to O.j. The effect of O3 on total fungal and bacterial biomass was not linear: at low O., levels, total fungal and bacterial biomass increased; at the high O3 level, total fungal and bacterial biomass decreased compared with those of controls.Our results show that O, exposure to shoots significantly disrupts CO^ production and O, consumption of soil and roots of ponderosa pine seedlings. Below-ground respiratory differences were thought to be a result of changes in respiratory substrates, carbon refixation within the plant and soil microbial activity. Ozone also changes belowground RQ, suggesting that Q., substantially disrupts root metabolism and interactions with rhizosphere organisms. Ozone exposure of ponderosa pine grown in different soil types can disrupt below-ground respiration and influence populations of soil organisms without alteration of biomass partitioning between above-and belowground plant components. Collectively, the effect of O, on the below-ground system is of concern since it is likely that these changes are accompanied by a change in the ability of root systems to acquire nutrient and water resources and possibly to synthesize amino acids and proteins...

show abstract

“…It has been shown in several studies that the composition of root exudates, which mainly serve as carbon and energy sources of bacteria and fungi, has a strong influence on the structural diversity of bacteria inhabiting this ecological niche (22,31,38,40,42). Following the conclusion of Hofstra and coworkers (19) that below-ground processes may be changed by elevated levels of trophospheric ozone before symptoms on plants become detectable, this study first examined the structural diversity of bacteria from the rhizospheres of ozone-tolerant plants. The ozone stress chosen in this study corresponded with the normal elevated ozone concentrations that can be found in the summer in Germany (nonfiltered air plus 50-ppb ozone).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Knowledge on the potential effects of ozone-stressed plants on soil is fairly limited to the fact that root growth seems to be more affected than shoot growth and that carbon allocation may change to the disadvantage of the roots (10). Ozone-stressed plants may have a different root morphology (19) and a decreased starch content in their roots (1,10), probably leading to an altered rhizodeposition (30). At the ecosystem level, it was observed that total soil carbon formation in aspen and mixed aspenbirch forests was reduced by elevated ozone against a background of elevated carbon dioxide after an exposure of 4 years (23).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Elevated Tropospheric Ozone on the Structure of Bacterial Communities Inhabiting the Rhizosphere of Herbaceous Plants Native to Germany

Dohrmann

Tebbe

2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Current elevated concentrations of ozone in the atmosphere, as they are observed during summer seasons, can cause severe effects on plant vegetation. This study was initiated to analyze whether ozone-stressed plants also transfer signals below ground and thereby alter the bacterial community composition in their rhizospheres. Herbaceous plants, native to Germany, with tolerance (Anthoxanthum odoratum, Achillea millefolium, Poa pratensis, Rumex acetosa, and Veronica chamaedrys) and sensitivity (Matricaria chamomilla, Sonchus asper, and Tanacetum vulgare) to ozone, raised in the greenhouse, were exposed in open-top chambers to two different ozone regimes, i.e., "summer stress" and a normal ozone background. DNA of bacterial cells from the rhizospheres was directly extracted, and partial sequences of the 16S rRNA genes were PCR amplified with primers targeting the following phylogenetic groups: Bacteria, ␣-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Pseudomonas, respectively. The diversity of the amplified products was analyzed by genetic profiling based on singlestrand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). Neither the tolerant nor the sensitive plants, the latter with visible above-ground damage, showed ozone-induced differences in any of the SSCP profiles, with the single exception of Actinobacteria-targeted profiles from S. asper. To increase the stress, S. asper was germinated and raised in the continuous presence of an elevated level of ozone. SSCP profiles with Bacteria-specific primers combined with gene probe hybridizations indicated an ozone-related increase in a Xanthomonas-related 16S rRNA gene and a decrease in the respective gene from the plant plastids. The fact that only this latter unrealistic scenario caused a detectable effect demonstrated that ozone stress has a surprisingly small effect on the structural diversity of the bacterial community in rhizospheres.

show abstract

The rapid inhibition of root respiration after exposure of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants to ozone

Cited by 35 publications

References 28 publications

Effects of elevated ozone on growth and yield of field-grown rice in Yangtze River Delta, China

Effects of elevated ozone on growth and yield of field-grown rice in Yangtze River Delta, China

Seasonal changes in root and soil respiration of ozone‐exposed ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) grown in different substrates

Effect of Elevated Tropospheric Ozone on the Structure of Bacterial Communities Inhabiting the Rhizosphere of Herbaceous Plants Native to Germany

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About