The Rapid Development of User Interfaces: Experience with the Wizard of OZ Method

Green, Paul; Wei-Haas, Lisa

doi:10.1177/154193128502900515

Cited by 84 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…However, findings identified when using the prototype may cause changes to its underlying construction (Voigt, Niehaves, & Becker, 2012). For this purpose, I developed an initial Wizard of Oz (WoZ) HTML prototypical initiation (Dahlbäck, Jönsson, & Ahrenberg, 1993;Hajdinjak & Mihelic, 2003), which enabled me (the "wizard") to act as the system when collecting user input (see Green & Wei-Haas, 1985). The two initial iterations also functioned as learning stages to help the participants become familiar with the system (see Ulrich & Mengiste, 2014).…”

Section: Research Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Divergent and Convergent Production in Idea Evaluation: Implications for Designing Group Creativity Support Systems

Frank¹

2018

CAIS

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Most organizations need to evaluate novel ideas to identify their value. However, current idea evaluation research and practice hinder creativity by primarily facilitating convergent production (narrowing down ideas to a few tangible solutions) but discounting divergent production (the development of wildly creative and novel thoughts patterns). In this paper, I challenge this dominant view on idea evaluation by presenting a new theory I call dynamic idea evaluation and exploring the theory through a group creativity support system (GCSS) prototype. I designed the GCSS prototype as an idea portal that uses the knowledge created from the evaluation process to facilitate both convergent and divergent production. I designed the GCSS using an inductive and theory-building design science research (DSR) approach and interpretively analyzed it through an exploratory study in a Danish IS research department. I found that the GCSS demonstrates the ability to facilitate both divergent and convergent production during idea evaluation. Moreover, I add four design requirements and process architecture to help designers to build dynamic idea evaluation into this class of systems.

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Section: Research Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Divergent and Convergent Production in Idea Evaluation: Implications for Designing Group Creativity Support Systems

Frank¹

2018

CAIS

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“…"Wizard of Oz" prototypes [26] perhaps entail the strongest simulation effects, relying upon "the man behind the curtain" to make systems "work".…”

Section: Prototypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

It's Not Interaction, It's Make Believe

Turner

Carruthers

2014

Proceedings of the 2014 European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics

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A principal, but largely unexplored, use of our cognition when using interacting technology involves pretending. To pretend is to believe that which is not the case, for example, when we use the desktop on our personal computer we are pretending, that is, we are pretending that the screen is a desktop upon which windows reside. But, of course, the screen really isn't a desktop.Similarly when we engage in scenario-or persona-based design we are pretending about the settings, narrative, contexts and agents involved. Although there are exceptions, the overwhelming majority of the contents of these different kinds of stories are not the case. We also often pretend when we engage in the evaluation of these technologies (e.g. in the Wizard of Oz technique we "ignore the man behind the curtain"). We are pretending when we ascribe human-like qualities to digital technology. In each we temporarily believe something to be the case which is not.If we add the experience of tele-and social-presence to this, and the diverse experiences which can arise from using digital technology which too are predicted on pretending, then we are prompted to propose that human computer interaction and cognitive ergonomics are largely built on pretending and make believe.If this premise is accepted (and if not, please pretend for a moment), there are a number of interesting consequences.

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“…In the Wizard-of-Oz approach (Green & Wei-Haas, 1985;Dahlbäck, Jönsson, & Ahrenberg, 1993), subjects are told that they are interacting with a computer system though they are not. Instead a human operator, the wizard, mediates the interaction.…”

Section: A Design Methods For Voice Commandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi-aural Interfaces: Investigating Voice-controlled Aural Flows

et al. 2016

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To support mobile, eyes-free web browsing, users can listen to "playlists" of web content − aural flows.Interacting with aural flows, however, requires users to select interface buttons, tethering visual attention to the mobile device even when it is unsafe (e.g., while walking). This research extends the interaction with aural flows through simulated voice commands as a way to reduce visual interaction. This paper presents the findings of a study with 20 participants who browsed aural flows either through a visual interface only or by augmenting it with voice commands. Results suggest that using voice commands reduced the time spent looking at the device by half but yielded similar system usability and cognitive effort ratings as using buttons. Overall, the low cognitive effort engendered by aural flows, regardless of the interaction modality, allowed participants to do more non-instructed (e.g., looking at the surrounding environment) than instructed activities (e.g., focusing on the user interface).Keywords: User studies, sound-based input/output, mobile computing, multimodal interfaces, information architecture Running Head: Semi-aural Interfaces 4 Research Highlights• We explore a vocabulary of simulated voice commands to control aural flows.• We empirically compare 2 modalities to control aural flows: using buttons vs. voice + buttons.• Voice command users spent 50% less time looking at the device than button-only users.• Walking speed, system usability and cognitive effort are similar in both conditions.• In the voice + button condition, participants use significantly more voice commands than buttons.• Across conditions, aural flows engender more non-instructed than instructed activity.

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The Rapid Development of User Interfaces: Experience with the Wizard of OZ Method

Cited by 84 publications

References 6 publications

Exploring Divergent and Convergent Production in Idea Evaluation: Implications for Designing Group Creativity Support Systems

Exploring Divergent and Convergent Production in Idea Evaluation: Implications for Designing Group Creativity Support Systems

It's Not Interaction, It's Make Believe

Semi-aural Interfaces: Investigating Voice-controlled Aural Flows

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